{"id":4369,"date":"2026-11-02T04:04:20","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T04:04:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/?p=4369"},"modified":"2026-11-04T04:11:32","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T04:11:32","slug":"quality-of-employment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/quality-of-employment\/","title":{"rendered":"Quality of Employment"},"content":{"rendered":"<table style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<blockquote><p><b>SYLLABUS: Indian Economy<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>General Studies \u2013 :\u00a0 III <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>IN NEWS:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Even as unemployment falls, lack of \u2018decent work\u2019 in India<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>QUESTION: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cA decline in unemployment does not necessarily translate into an improvement in the quality of employment.\u201d Discuss (15M 250 words)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>ANSWER:<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>Why Low Unemployment Masks Poor Job Quality<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Informalisation of Work:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Most job growth occurs in the informal sector, lacking written contracts, paid leave, or job security.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rise of Precarious Gig Work:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Modern job creation is heavily driven by platform work (delivery, ride-hailing), where earnings are volatile and social protection is absent.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Disguised &amp; Underemployment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Educated youth often take low-skill, low-productivity jobs just to survive, turning open unemployment into underemployment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Working Poverty:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A low unemployment rate does not guarantee living wages. High employment can coexist with wage stagnation and poor living standards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Lack of Social Security:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A drop in unemployment numbers does not automatically mean workers have health insurance, provident fund benefits, or pensions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Distress-Driven Work:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In developing economies, lack of safety nets forces people to take any available job, artificially lowering the unemployment rate.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Socio-Economic Impact<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Misallocates youth human capital and reduces productivity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Widens economic inequality between high-skilled formal workers and informal labor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Key Policy Measures<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Move beyond basic employment numbers to track ILO Decent Work parameters.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extend social security benefits to gig, casual, and informal workers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Boost formal sector jobs by expanding labor-intensive manufacturing and MSMEs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An economy achieving full employment through precarious, low-paying, and unsafe work remains economically fragile. Sustainable and inclusive growth requires shifting focus from merely creating jobs to generating high-productivity, secure, and dignified employment opportunities.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<blockquote><p><b>PYQ REFERENCE UPSC 2023<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Most of the unemployment in India is structural in nature. Examine the methodology adopted to compute unemployment in the country and suggest improvements.&#8221;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>SOURCE: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/211908\/OPS\/GE2GN718L.1+G1RGOBTI4.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hindu epaper &#8211; Even as unemployment falls, lack of \u2018decent work\u2019 in India<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SYLLABUS: Indian Economy General Studies \u2013 :\u00a0 III Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development 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