{"id":3716,"date":"2026-05-06T04:31:18","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T04:31:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=3716"},"modified":"2026-05-06T04:31:18","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T04:31:18","slug":"daily-current-affairs-05-05-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-05-05-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS \u2013 05.05.2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. With reference to land subsidence, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It refers to the gradual sinking of the Earth\u2019s surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Over-extraction of groundwater is one of its major causes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\">3. It occurs only due to tectonic activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a)1 and 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\">Land subsidence is defined as the gradual settling or sudden sinking of the Earth&#8217;s surface. This occurs when the subsurface materials (soil, rock, or water) move or are removed, leaving a void or a compressed layer that cannot support the weight of the ground above it.<strong>Hence Statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\">The over-extraction of groundwater is the most common cause of land subsidence globally. When large amounts of water are pumped from underground aquifers, the pore pressure in the soil decreases. This leads to the compaction of fine-grained sediments (like clay), causing the land to sink. Other human-induced causes include mining, oil and gas extraction, and heavy infrastructure development.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\">While tectonic activity (such as earthquakes or faulting) can indeed cause land subsidence, it is <strong>not the only<\/strong> cause. As mentioned above, it occurs due to a variety of anthropogenic (human-led) factors and other natural processes like the dissolution of limestone (karst topography) or the thawing of permafrost.<strong>Hence<\/strong> <strong>Statement 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> Mexico City is sinking so fast, it can be seen from space<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\" style=\"background-color:#71f8f6a8\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:UPSC 2021<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q<\/strong> <strong>Which of the following can be the causes of land subsidence?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Extraction of natural gas <br>2. Tectonic activities <br>3. Thawing of permafrost <br>4. Massive urban infrastructure weight <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1, 2 and 4 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br>(c) 1 and 4 only <br>(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0e00ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Consider the following statements about aquifers:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\">1. An aquifer is an underground layer that stores groundwater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Over-extraction of groundwater can lead to compaction of aquifers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Aquifer depletion has no impact on surface infrastructure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a)1 and 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\">An aquifer is a body of porous rock or sediment saturated with groundwater. It acts as a natural underground reservoir. Groundwater enters an aquifer as precipitation seeps through the soil and is stored in the spaces between particles or in cracks in the rocks.<strong>Hence Statement 1 is correct:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\">This is a critical geological consequence of over-extraction. When water is pumped out of an aquifer faster than it can be recharged, the fluid pressure that previously helped support the weight of the overlying soil and rock (overburden) decreases. This causes the sediment layers to compress and pack more tightly together\u2014a process known as <strong>compaction<\/strong>. Once an aquifer is severely compacted, its ability to store water in the future is often permanently reduced.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\">Aquifer depletion has a massive impact on surface infrastructure. As the aquifer compacts, the land surface above it begins to sink (land subsidence). This can result in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-31\">\n<li><strong>Structural damage:<\/strong> Cracking of building foundations, roads, and bridges.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Utility disruption:<\/strong> Breaking of underground water and sewer pipes or telecommunication cables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Drainage issues:<\/strong> Changes in the slope of the land can disrupt natural canal flows and increase the risk of flooding in urban areas.<strong>Hence Statement 3 is incorrect:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Mexico City is sinking so fast, it can be seen from space<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\" style=\"background-color:#71f8f6a8\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:UPSC 2023<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q<\/strong>. <strong>Consider the following statements:<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Statement-I:<\/strong> According to the United Nations\u2019 World Water Development Report, 2022, India extracts more than a quarter of the world\u2019s groundwater withdrawal each year. <br><strong>Statement-II:<\/strong> India needs to extract more than a quarter of the world\u2019s groundwater each year to satisfy the drinking water and sanitation needs of almost 18% of the world\u2019s population living in its territory. <br><br><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I. <br>(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I. <br><strong>(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.<\/strong> <br>(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#3300fe\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\"><a><\/a><strong>3. Which of the following can be monitored using satellite-based Earth observation systems like NISAR?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Land subsidence<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Glacier movement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Fault line activity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Urban expansion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2, 3 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d)1,2,3 and 4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar)<\/strong> mission is designed specifically to observe and measure some of the planet\u2019s most complex natural processes. Because it uses <strong>Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)<\/strong>, it can &#8220;see&#8221; through clouds and darkness, providing data regardless of weather conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-47\">\n<li><strong>1. Land Subsidence:<br><\/strong>NISAR uses a technique called <strong>Interferometric SAR (InSAR)<\/strong>. By comparing radar signals from two different points in time, it can detect surface deformation (sinking or rising) with millimeter-scale precision. This is vital for monitoring sinking cities and groundwater depletion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2. Glacier Movement:<br><\/strong>SAR is highly effective at tracking the velocity of ice sheets and glaciers. It helps scientists monitor the rate of ice loss and the movement of glaciers in the Himalayas and polar regions, which is crucial for climate change studies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3. Fault Line Activity:<br><\/strong>NISAR can map ground displacement caused by tectonic stress. It monitors crustal deformation along fault lines before and after earthquakes, providing insights into seismic risks and help in mapping tectonic plate boundaries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>4. Urban Expansion:<br><\/strong>The mission tracks changes in land use and land cover. Its high-resolution imaging allows for the monitoring of infrastructure growth, urban sprawl, and the environmental impact of rapid urbanization.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48\"><a><\/a><strong>Quick Facts: NISAR for UPSC Prelims<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Details<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Joint Venture<\/strong><\/td><td>NASA (USA) and ISRO (India).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Frequencies<\/strong><\/td><td>First satellite to use dual frequencies: <strong>L-band<\/strong> (NASA) and <strong>S-band<\/strong> (ISRO).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Orbit<\/strong><\/td><td>Low Earth Orbit (LEO) &#8211; Sun-synchronous.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Primary Goal<\/strong><\/td><td>Global observation of &#8220;Earth in Change&#8221;\u2014biomass, natural hazards, and ice sheet dynamics.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Data Policy<\/strong><\/td><td>It provides <strong>free and open data<\/strong>, which is a significant resource for global research and disaster management.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Mexico City is sinking so fast, it can be seen from space<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\" style=\"background-color:#71f8f6a8\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:UPSC 2019<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q.<\/strong> <strong>For the measurement\/estimation of which of the following are satellite images\/remote sensing data used?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Chlorophyll content in the vegetation of a specific location <br>2. Greenhouse gas emissions from rice paddies of a specific location <br>3. Land surface temperatures of a specific location <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br>(c) 3 only <br>(d) <strong>1, 2 and 3<\/strong> \u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0800fe\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\"><a><\/a><strong>4. A \u201cbiosimilar\u201d drug refers to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) An exact chemical copy of a generic drug<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) A cheaper version of a synthetic drug<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) A nearly identical copy of a biologic drug<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) A drug with a completely new mechanism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c)A nearly identical copy of a biologic drug<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\">While they might sound like standard generic drugs, biosimilars are a bit more complex due to how they are made. Here is a breakdown of why (c) is the right choice and how it differs from the other options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59\"><a><\/a><strong>1. What is a Biologic?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\">Unlike traditional drugs (like aspirin), which are synthesized through chemical processes, <strong>biologics<\/strong> are derived from living organisms (such as bacteria, yeast, or animal cells). Because living systems are inherently variable, these drugs are massive, complex molecules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61\"><a><\/a><strong>2. Why &#8220;Nearly Identical&#8221;?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\">Because biologics are grown rather than &#8220;mixed,&#8221; it is impossible to create an <em>exact<\/em> structural copy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-63\">\n<li><strong>Generics (Option A):<\/strong> These are exact chemical copies of &#8220;small-molecule&#8221; drugs. Think of it like a simple LEGO set; you can replicate it perfectly every time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Biosimilars (Option C):<\/strong> These are like trying to grow a second oak tree that is &#8220;highly similar&#8221; to the first. They have the same therapeutic effect and safety profile, but the microscopic sugar chains or folding might vary slightly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-64\"><a><\/a><strong>3. Comparison Table<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Generic Drug<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Biosimilar Drug<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Source<\/strong><\/td><td>Chemical synthesis<\/td><td>Living cells\/organisms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Size<\/strong><\/td><td>Small, simple molecules<\/td><td>Large, complex molecules<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Structure<\/strong><\/td><td>Identical to brand name<\/td><td>Highly similar (not identical)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Approval<\/strong><\/td><td>Must show bioequivalence<\/td><td>Must show no clinical difference<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> How drugs are named and classified<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\" style=\"background-color:#71f8f6a8\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:UPSC 2018<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Which of the following statements is\/are correct regarding the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Affordable medicines including <strong>biosimilars<\/strong> are made available under this scheme. <br>2. The scheme is implemented by the Department of Pharmaceuticals. <br><br>(a) 1 and 2 both <br>(b) 1 only <br>(c) 2 only <br>(d) Neither \u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0d00ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLP.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLP.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Which of the following best distinguishes the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) from the Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1951?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) MCC is legally binding, while RPA is advisory<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) MCC is flexible and open-textured, while RPA is statutory and specific<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) MCC applies only to candidates, while RPA applies only to parties<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) MCC is enforced by courts, while RPA is enforced by the Election Commission<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:(b) MCC is flexible and open-textured, while RPA is statutory and specific<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\">The relationship between the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) and the Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1951, is a cornerstone of Indian electoral governance. The primary difference lies in their <strong>legal nature<\/strong> and <strong>rigidity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-75\"><a><\/a><strong>Key Distinctions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Feature<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Model Code of Conduct (MCC)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Representation of the People Act, 1951<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Legal Status<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Non-Statutory.<\/strong> It is a set of guidelines evolved through consensus among political parties.<\/td><td><strong>Statutory.<\/strong> It is a law passed by Parliament.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Enforceability<\/strong><\/td><td>It does not have statutory backing and is <strong>not legally binding<\/strong> in a court of law.<\/td><td>It is <strong>legally binding<\/strong> and enforceable through the judicial system.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Flexibility<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Open-textured.<\/strong> It allows the Election Commission (ECI) to interpret &#8220;fair play&#8221; based on the spirit of the guidelines.<\/td><td><strong>Specific.<\/strong> It contains rigid definitions of corrupt practices and electoral offenses.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Punishment<\/strong><\/td><td>Enforcement relies on moral sanction, &#8220;naming and shaming,&#8221; or temporary bans on campaigning.<\/td><td>Violations can lead to imprisonment, fines, or <strong>disqualification<\/strong> of the candidate.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-76\"><a><\/a><strong>Why the other options are incorrect:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-77\">\n<li><strong>(a) is reversed:<\/strong> The RPA is legally binding (statutory), while the MCC is technically advisory\/consensus-based (though the ECI uses its powers under Article 324 to ensure compliance).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>(c) is incorrect:<\/strong> Both the MCC and the RPA apply to both candidates and political parties. For instance, Section 123 of the RPA deals with &#8220;corrupt practices&#8221; by candidates, while the MCC has specific chapters for Party manifestos and conduct.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>(d) is incorrect:<\/strong> While the ECI enforces both, the RPA is ultimately a law of the land triable in courts (High Courts for election petitions). The MCC is almost exclusively the domain of the ECI, as courts generally do not interfere with its enforcement during the &#8220;election process.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Did the PM\u2019s broadcast violate MCC?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1700ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI130.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI130.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. With reference to the Model Code of Conduct (MCC), consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It was first introduced by the Election Commission of India in 1968.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\">2. It becomes operative from the announcement of the election schedule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\">3. It has statutory backing under the Representation of the People Act, 1951.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\">The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) was not introduced by the ECI in 1968. It actually traces its origins to the <strong>1960 Kerala Assembly elections<\/strong>, where the state administration prepared a draft code for political parties. The ECI first circulated this code to all recognized political parties during the <strong>1962 Lok Sabha elections<\/strong>. A more comprehensive version was issued later, but 1968 is not the starting point.<strong>Hence Statement 1 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\">The MCC becomes operative the moment the <strong>Election Commission of India (ECI) announces the election schedule<\/strong> via a press conference. It remains in force until the results are declared. This was a point of contention until the Supreme Court (in the <em>Harbans Singh Jalal<\/em> case) upheld that the &#8220;announcement&#8221; date is the trigger point, not the &#8220;notification&#8221; date.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\">The MCC <strong>does not have statutory backing<\/strong>. It is a set of guidelines evolved through consensus among political parties. While there have been recommendations (such as from the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice in 2013) to give it legal backing under the RPA 1951, the ECI has opposed this. The ECI argues that making it statutory would subject every violation to slow-moving judicial proceedings, making it impossible to take the swift action required during an election cycle.<strong>Hence Statement 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Did the PM\u2019s broadcast violate MCC?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1e00ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI130.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI130.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. Which of the following are provided for in the Representation of the People Act, 1951?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Registration of political parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Qualifications and disqualifications for membership of Houses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Preparation of electoral rolls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\">4. The actual conduct of elections and bye-elections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the codes given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2, 3 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a)1, 2 and 4 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\">To answer this correctly, you must distinguish between the two primary pillars of Indian election law: the <strong>Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1950<\/strong> and the <strong>Representation of the People Act (RPA), 1951<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-109\"><a><\/a><strong>Why Statement 3 is Incorrect<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Preparation of electoral rolls<\/strong> is provided for under the <strong>RPA 1950<\/strong>. Think of the 1950 Act as the &#8220;pre-election&#8221; framework\u2014it deals with the administrative setup <em>before<\/em> a candidate even enters the picture. It covers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-111\">\n<li>Delimitation of constituencies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Allocation of seats in the legislatures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Qualifications of <strong>voters<\/strong> (not candidates).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The preparation and revision of electoral rolls.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-112\"><a><\/a><strong>Why Statements 1, 2, and 4 are Correct<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>RPA 1951<\/strong> is the &#8220;operational&#8221; framework\u2014it deals with the actual process of contesting and conducting an election. Its provisions include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-114\">\n<li><strong>Registration of Political Parties:<\/strong> Section 29A of the 1951 Act provides the mechanism for a group to register as a political party with the Election Commission.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Qualifications and Disqualifications:<\/strong> While the Constitution provides basic criteria, the 1951 Act specifies detailed grounds for disqualification (e.g., conviction for certain offenses, failure to lodge election expenses, or corrupt practices).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conduct of Elections:<\/strong> It lays out the procedure for nominations, the poll process, the counting of votes, and the declaration of results.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bye-elections:<\/strong> It provides the legal basis for filling casual vacancies in the Houses of Parliament and State Legislatures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corrupt Practices:<\/strong> It defines what constitutes a corrupt practice (like bribery or undue influence) and provides the mechanism for challenging an election via &#8220;Election Petitions.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Did the PM\u2019s broadcast violate MCC?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#3c00ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI130.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI130.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\"><a><\/a><strong>8. Consider the following statements regarding grazing rights under FRA:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\">1. FRA recognises grazing rights of forest dwellers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\">2. These rights apply even in protected areas like national parks and tiger reserves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\">3. State laws can override FRA in matters of grazing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:(a) 1 and 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 (FRA)<\/strong> is a critical piece of legislation that seeks to undo &#8220;historical injustice&#8221; by recognizing the rights of forest-dwelling communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-129\">\n<li>Under <strong>Section 3(1)(d)<\/strong> of the FRA, the Act explicitly recognizes community rights such as <strong>grazing<\/strong> (both settled and transhumant) and traditional seasonal resource access of nomadic or pastoralist communities.<strong>Hence Statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The FRA applies to all &#8220;forest land,&#8221; which includes <strong>Protected Areas<\/strong> like National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, and Tiger Reserves. While these areas have higher levels of protection, the FRA mandates that forest rights must be recognized there first. Any relocation or restriction of rights in &#8220;Critical Wildlife Habitats&#8221; can only happen after the rights have been fully recognized and settled, and after it is scientifically established that the presence of holders will cause irreversible damage.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The FRA is a <strong>Central Act<\/strong> that overrides conflicting state laws. While state governments are responsible for its implementation, they cannot bypass or override the provisions of the FRA regarding the recognition of rights. In fact, Section 13 of the FRA states that the provisions of this Act shall be in addition to and not in derogation of any other law for the time being in force\u2014meaning it acts as a protective shield for forest dwellers against restrictive state forest laws.<strong>Hence Statement 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IN NEWS: What does the latest ruling mean for the Forest Rights Act?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\" style=\"background-color:#71f8f6a8\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:UPSC 2021<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. At the national level, which ministry is the nodal agency to ensure effective implementation of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change <br>(b) Ministry of Panchayati Raj <br>(c) Ministry of Rural Development <br>(d) Ministry of Tribal Affairs \u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1100ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI12U.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79M.1+GMAFUI12U.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. Mexico is bordered by which of the following water bodies?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Gulf of Mexico<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Caribbean Sea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Pacific Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Atlantic Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a)1,2 and 3 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-144\"><a><\/a><strong>1. The Western Coast<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-145\">\n<li><strong>Pacific Ocean:<\/strong> Mexico has an extensive western coastline along the Pacific Ocean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gulf of California:<\/strong> This is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean, located between the Baja California Peninsula and the Mexican mainland.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-146\"><a><\/a><strong>2. The Eastern Coast<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-147\">\n<li><strong>Gulf of Mexico:<\/strong> This is the primary water body to the east, bordered by several Mexican states including Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and Tabasco.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Caribbean Sea:<\/strong> Mexico borders the Caribbean Sea at the southeastern tip of the <strong>Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula<\/strong> (specifically the state of Quintana Roo). This area is famous for the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-148\"><a><\/a><strong>3. Why the &#8220;Atlantic Ocean&#8221; is Incorrect<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\">While the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea are technically marginal seas of the Atlantic Ocean, in geographical and cartographic terms, Mexico does not have a direct &#8220;Atlantic Ocean&#8221; coastline. The Atlantic coastline of North America is generally considered to begin north of the Florida Straits or east of the Greater Antilles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150\"><a><\/a><strong>Quick Geographical Facts for Revision:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-151\">\n<li><strong>Northern Border:<\/strong> United States.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Southern Borders:<\/strong> Guatemala and Belize.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Peninsulae:<\/strong> Baja California (West) and Yucat\u00e1n (East).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Isthmus of Tehuantepec:<\/strong> The narrowest point between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Mexico City is sinking so fast, it can be seen from space<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0400ff\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/183483\/OPS\/G0HFTH79J.1+GCNFUIHLR.1.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\"><a><\/a><strong>10.<\/strong> <strong>With reference to \u2018Ocean Mean Temperature\u2019 (OMT), which of the following statements is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\">1. OMT is measured up to a depth of 26\u00b0C isotherm which is 129 meters in the south-western Indian Ocean during January \u2014 March.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-156 wp-block-paragraph\">2. OMT collected during January \u2014 March can be used in assessing whether the amount of rainfall in monsoon will be less or more than a certain long-term mean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-160 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-161 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-164\">\n<li>While the 26\u00b0C isotherm is used, its depth varies significantly. In the south-western Indian Ocean, it usually ranges between <strong>50\u2013100 meters<\/strong>, not a constant 129 meters. <strong>Hence Statement 1 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OMT is a better predictor of the Indian Summer Monsoon than Sea Surface Temperature (SST) because it measures the heat content of a larger volume of water, offering more stability and accuracy in forecasting. <strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With reference to land subsidence, consider the following statements: 1. It refers to the gradual sinking of the Earth\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3689,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,41,25,26,33,11,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-current-affairs","category-gs-1","category-gs-2","category-gs-3","category-gs-4","category-prelims","category-prelims-current-affairs-gmt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3716"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3717,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3716\/revisions\/3717"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}